महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-138, verse-31

सुपुष्पितः स्यादफलः फलवान्स्याद्दुरारुहः ।
आमः स्यात्पक्वसंकाशो न च शीर्येत कस्यचित् ॥३१॥

31. supuṣpitaḥ syādaphalaḥ phalavānsyāddurāruhaḥ ,
āmaḥ syātpakvasaṁkāśo na ca śīryeta kasyacit.

31. supuṣpitaḥ syāt aphalaḥ phalavān syāt durāruhaḥ
āmaḥ syāt pakva saṃkāśaḥ na ca śīryeta kasyacit

31. supuṣpitaḥ aphalaḥ syāt,
phalavān (cet) durāruhaḥ syāt.
āmaḥ pakva saṃkāśaḥ syāt.
ca kasyacit na śīryeta.

31. One should appear well-flowered yet be fruitless. If fruitful, one should be difficult to approach. One should appear ripe while still being unripe, and never should one wither for anyone.

Words meanings summery:

• सुपुष्पितः (supuṣpitaḥ) - appearing well-flowered (metaphorically, outwardly impressive) (well-flowered, richly bloomed)

• स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be, might be

• अफलः (aphalaḥ) - not yielding results, not providing resources (fruitless, unproductive)

• फलवान् (phalavān) - possessing resources or advantages (fruitful, bearing fruit)

• स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be, might be

• दुरारुहः (durāruhaḥ) - difficult to approach, inaccessible (in terms of gaining advantage) (difficult to ascend, difficult to climb)

• आमः (āmaḥ) - unprepared, undeveloped, not fully ready (raw, unripe, uncooked)

• स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be, might be

• पक्व (pakva) - appearing ripe (as in mature, prepared) (ripe, cooked, mature)

• संकाशः (saṁkāśaḥ) - appearing (like ripe) (resembling, appearing, like)

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• शीर्येत (śīryeta) - should lose power, should weaken (should wither, should perish, should crumble)

• कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - for anyone (implying 'for any reason' or 'in front of anyone') (of anyone, of someone)

Words meanings and morphology

सुपुष्पितः (supuṣpitaḥ) - appearing well-flowered (metaphorically, outwardly impressive) (well-flowered, richly bloomed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of supuṣpita

supuṣpita - well-flowered, richly bloomed, full of flowers

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'puṣp' (to flower) with prefix 'su' (well, good).

Prefix: su

Root: puṣp (class 10)

स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be, might be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

अफलः (aphalaḥ) - not yielding results, not providing resources (fruitless, unproductive)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aphala

aphala - fruitless, unproductive, without fruit, in vain

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+phala)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• phala – fruit, result, consequence, reward
  noun (neuter)

फलवान् (phalavān) - possessing resources or advantages (fruitful, bearing fruit)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of phalavat

phalavat - fruitful, productive, having fruit, yielding advantage

Derived from 'phala' (fruit) with suffix '-vat' (possessing).

स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be, might be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

दुरारुहः (durāruhaḥ) - difficult to approach, inaccessible (in terms of gaining advantage) (difficult to ascend, difficult to climb)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durāruha

durāruha - difficult to ascend, difficult to climb, difficult to attain

Gerundive

Derived from root 'ruh' (to ascend) with prefixes 'dur' (difficult) and 'ā' (towards).

Prefixes: dur+ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

आमः (āmaḥ) - unprepared, undeveloped, not fully ready (raw, unripe, uncooked)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āma

āma - raw, unripe, uncooked, crude, undigested

स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be, might be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

पक्व (pakva) - appearing ripe (as in mature, prepared) (ripe, cooked, mature)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pakva

pakva - cooked, ripe, mature, prepared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'pac' (to cook, to ripen).

Root: pac (class 1)

Note: First part of the compound 'pakva saṃkāśaḥ'.

संकाशः (saṁkāśaḥ) - appearing (like ripe) (resembling, appearing, like)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃkāśa

saṁkāśa - resembling, like, similar to, appearing as

Derived from root 'kāś' (to shine, appear) with prefix 'sam'.

Compound type : praadi tatpurusha (sam+kāśa)

• sam – with, together, completely
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• kāśa – shining, appearing
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'kāś' (to shine, appear)
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Together with 'pakva', forming 'pakva saṃkāśaḥ' (Tatpurusha compound).

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

शीर्येत (śīryeta) - should lose power, should weaken (should wither, should perish, should crumble)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of śṝ

Root: śṝ (class 9)

कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - for anyone (implying 'for any reason' or 'in front of anyone') (of anyone, of someone)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - anyone, someone, a certain (one)

Compound of 'kim' (who, what) and 'cit' (an indefinite particle).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (kim+cit)

• kim – who, what, which
  pronoun (masculine)
• cit – a certain, some, indefinite particle
  indeclinable
  Indefinite enclitic particle.