महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-138, verse-13

वाङ्मात्रेण विनीतः स्याद्धृदयेन यथा क्षुरः ।
श्लक्ष्णपूर्वाभिभाषी च कामक्रोधौ विवर्जयेत् ॥१३॥

13. vāṅmātreṇa vinītaḥ syāddhṛdayena yathā kṣuraḥ ,
ślakṣṇapūrvābhibhāṣī ca kāmakrodhau vivarjayet.

13. vāṅmātreṇa vinītaḥ syāt hṛdayena yathā kṣuraḥ
ślakṣṇapūrvābhāṣī ca kāmakrodhau vivarjayet

13. vāṅmātreṇa vinītaḥ syāt hṛdayena yathā kṣuraḥ
ca ślakṣṇapūrvābhāṣī kāmakrodhau vivarjayet

13. One should be outwardly polite, merely with words, yet inwardly sharp like a razor. And one should always speak gently first, while abandoning both desire and anger.

Words meanings summery:

• वाङ्मात्रेण (vāṅmātreṇa) - merely with words (merely by speech, only with words)

• विनीतः (vinītaḥ) - outwardly polite (humble, modest, well-behaved, polite)

• स्यात् (syāt) - should be (one should be, may be, would be)

• हृदयेन (hṛdayena) - inwardly (by the heart, with the heart, inwardly)

• यथा (yathā) - just as, like (as, just as, like, in the manner that)

• क्षुरः (kṣuraḥ) - razor blade (razor, knife, blade)

• श्लक्ष्णपूर्वाभाषी (ślakṣṇapūrvābhāṣī) - one who always speaks gently first (one who speaks softly first, one who makes a polite initial address)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• कामक्रोधौ (kāmakrodhau) - both desire and anger (desire and anger)

• विवर्जयेत् (vivarjayet) - one should abandon (one should avoid, one should abandon, one should shun)

Words meanings and morphology

वाङ्मात्रेण (vāṅmātreṇa) - merely with words (merely by speech, only with words)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vāṅmātra

vāṅmātra - merely speech, only words

Compound of vāc (speech) and mātra (mere, only).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāc+mātra)

• vāc – speech, voice, word
  noun (feminine)
• mātra – mere, only, measure, quantity
  indeclinable (neuter)

Note: Instrumental case, 'by means of speech only'.

विनीतः (vinītaḥ) - outwardly polite (humble, modest, well-behaved, polite)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vinīta

vinīta - well-trained, humble, modest, polite, disciplined

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root nī with upasarga vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: nī (class 1)

स्यात् (syāt) - should be (one should be, may be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Mood

Third person singular optative of the root 'as'.

Root: as (class 2)

हृदयेन (hṛdayena) - inwardly (by the heart, with the heart, inwardly)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of hṛdaya

hṛdaya - heart, mind, essence, core

यथा (yathā) - just as, like (as, just as, like, in the manner that)

(indeclinable)

क्षुरः (kṣuraḥ) - razor blade (razor, knife, blade)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣura

kṣura - razor, knife, blade

श्लक्ष्णपूर्वाभाषी (ślakṣṇapūrvābhāṣī) - one who always speaks gently first (one who speaks softly first, one who makes a polite initial address)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ślakṣṇapūrvābhāṣin

ślakṣṇapūrvābhāṣin - one who speaks softly first, one who makes a polite initial address

Compound of ślakṣṇa (soft, smooth), pūrva (first, before), and bhāṣin (speaker).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ślakṣṇa+pūrva+bhāṣin)

• ślakṣṇa – smooth, soft, gentle, delicate
  adjective (masculine)
• pūrva – before, prior, first, eastern
  adjective (masculine)
• bhāṣin – speaking, speaker
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun derived from root bhāṣ (to speak).
  Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

कामक्रोधौ (kāmakrodhau) - both desire and anger (desire and anger)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of kāmakrodha

kāmakrodha - desire and anger

Dvaṃdva compound.

Compound type : dvandva (kāma+krodha)

• kāma – desire, wish, longing
  noun (masculine)
• krodha – anger, wrath, rage
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of vivarjayet.

विवर्जयेत् (vivarjayet) - one should abandon (one should avoid, one should abandon, one should shun)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of vivarj

Optative Mood

Third person singular optative of verb root vṛj with upasarga vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛj (class 1)