महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-138, verse-16

यस्य बुद्धिं परिभवेत्तमतीतेन सान्त्वयेत् ।
अनागतेन दुष्प्रज्ञं प्रत्युत्पन्नेन पण्डितम् ॥१६॥

16. yasya buddhiṁ paribhavettamatītena sāntvayet ,
anāgatena duṣprajñaṁ pratyutpannena paṇḍitam.

16. yasya buddhiṃ paribhavet taṃ atītena sāntvayet
anāgatena duṣprajñaṃ pratyutpannena paṇḍitam

16. taṃ sāntvayet yasya buddhiṃ paribhavet atītena
duṣprajñaṃ anāgatena paṇḍitam pratyutpannena

16. One should appease a person whose intellect is to be overcome by recalling past events. One should conciliate the foolish with discussions of future events, and the wise with present realities.

Words meanings summery:

• यस्य (yasya) - whose (whose, of whom)

• बुद्धिं (buddhiṁ) - intellect (intellect, mind, understanding, perception)

• परिभवेत् (paribhavet) - one might overcome (one should overpower, conquer, defeat, scorn)

• तं (taṁ) - him (him, that)

• अतीतेन (atītena) - by recalling past events (by the past, with what has passed)

• सान्त्वयेत् (sāntvayet) - one should conciliate (one should conciliate, appease, soothe)

• अनागतेन (anāgatena) - with discussions of future events (by the future, with what is not yet come)

• दुष्प्रज्ञं (duṣprajñaṁ) - the foolish (the foolish one, dull-witted)

• प्रत्युत्पन्नेन (pratyutpannena) - with present realities (by what is present, by that which has arisen)

• पण्डितम् (paṇḍitam) - the wise (the wise one, learned, scholar)

Words meanings and morphology

यस्य (yasya) - whose (whose, of whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to the person whose intellect is being discussed.

बुद्धिं (buddhiṁ) - intellect (intellect, mind, understanding, perception)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, mind, understanding, perception, discrimination

From root budh (to know, understand).

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Object of paribhavet.

परिभवेत् (paribhavet) - one might overcome (one should overpower, conquer, defeat, scorn)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of paribhū

Optative Mood

Third person singular optative of verb root bhū with upasarga pari-.

Prefix: pari

Root: bhū (class 1)

तं (taṁ) - him (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of sāntvayet.

अतीतेन (atītena) - by recalling past events (by the past, with what has passed)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of atīta

atīta - passed, gone, past

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root i (to go) with upasargas ati-.

Prefix: ati

Root: i (class 2)

सान्त्वयेत् (sāntvayet) - one should conciliate (one should conciliate, appease, soothe)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of sāntvay

Optative Mood

Third person singular optative of causative verb sāntvay (derived from santvana, conciliation).

Root: sāntv (class 10)

अनागतेन (anāgatena) - with discussions of future events (by the future, with what is not yet come)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of anāgata

anāgata - not come, not arrived, future, not yet occurred

Past Passive Participle

Negation (an-) of āgata (come, arrived), derived from root gam with upasarga ā-.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+āgata)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• āgata – come, arrived, happened
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam (to go) with upasarga ā-.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

दुष्प्रज्ञं (duṣprajñaṁ) - the foolish (the foolish one, dull-witted)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duṣprajña

duṣprajña - foolish, dull-witted, ignorant

Compound of dus (bad, difficult) and prajñā (wisdom, intellect).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi / tatpuruṣa (dus+prajñā)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty or badness.
• prajñā – wisdom, intelligence, understanding, discernment
  noun (feminine)
  From pra-jñā (to know well).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Object of implied sāntvayet.

प्रत्युत्पन्नेन (pratyutpannena) - with present realities (by what is present, by that which has arisen)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of pratyutpanna

pratyutpanna - present, immediate, ready, produced, arisen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pad (to go, fall) with upasargas prati- and ud-.

Prefixes: prati+ud

Root: pad (class 4)

पण्डितम् (paṇḍitam) - the wise (the wise one, learned, scholar)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paṇḍita

paṇḍita - wise, learned, scholar, Pandit

Note: Object of implied sāntvayet.