महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-138, verse-68

न तत्तरेद्यस्य न पारमुत्तरेन्न तद्धरेद्यत्पुनराहरेत्परः ।
न तत्खनेद्यस्य न मूलमुत्खनेन्न तं हन्याद्यस्य शिरो न पातयेत् ॥६८॥

68. na tattaredyasya na pāramuttare;nna taddharedyatpunarāharetparaḥ ,
na tatkhanedyasya na mūlamutkhane;nna taṁ hanyādyasya śiro na pātayet.

68. na tat taret yasya na pāram uttaret
na tat haret yat punaḥ āharet paraḥ
na tat khanet yasya na mūlam utkhanet
na tam hanyāt yasya śiraḥ na pātayet

68. yasya pāram na uttaret tat na taret
yat paraḥ punaḥ āharet tat na haret
yasya mūlam na utkhanet tat na khanet
yasya śiraḥ na pātayet tam na hanyāt

68. One should not attempt to cross what cannot be fully traversed to the other side. One should not seize something that another person would reclaim. One should not dig up what cannot be entirely uprooted. One should not kill someone if one cannot completely sever their head.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• तत् (tat) - that (implied object like 'river' or 'task') (that, it)

• तरेत् (taret) - one should cross (a river, obstacle) (one should cross, should pass over, should overcome)

• यस्य (yasya) - of which (of which, whose)

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• पारम् (pāram) - the other side, the end (of a crossing) (the other side, the further bank, the end, the limit)

• उत्तरेत् (uttaret) - one should reach (the other side) (one should cross, should overcome, should reach the end)

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• तत् (tat) - that (implied object like 'river' or 'task') (that, it)

• हरेत् (haret) - one should seize, take (one should take, should seize, should carry off)

• यत् (yat) - that which (thing) (which, what, that)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, back (again, anew, but, moreover)

• आहरेत् (āharet) - one would take back, reclaim (one should bring, should take back, should collect)

• परः (paraḥ) - another person (other, another, supreme, enemy)

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• तत् (tat) - that (implied object like 'river' or 'task') (that, it)

• खनेत् (khanet) - one should dig (up) (one should dig, should excavate)

• यस्य (yasya) - of which (of which, whose)

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• मूलम् (mūlam) - root (of a plant, or figuratively, the base) (root, basis, origin, foundation)

• उत्खनेत् (utkhanet) - one should uproot, eradicate completely (one should dig up, should uproot, should eradicate)

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• तम् (tam) - that one, him (a person) (him, that (masculine))

• हन्यात् (hanyāt) - one should kill (one should kill, should strike)

• यस्य (yasya) - whose (of which, whose)

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• पातयेत् (pātayet) - one should cause to fall, should sever (one should cause to fall, should throw down, should cut off)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that (implied object like 'river' or 'task') (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तरेत् (taret) - one should cross (a river, obstacle) (one should cross, should pass over, should overcome)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of tṛ

Root: tṛ (class 1)

यस्य (yasya) - of which (of which, whose)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

Note: Refers to `tat`.

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

पारम् (pāram) - the other side, the end (of a crossing) (the other side, the further bank, the end, the limit)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāra

pāra - the other side, the further bank, end, limit, conclusion

Root: pṛ (class 1)

उत्तरेत् (uttaret) - one should reach (the other side) (one should cross, should overcome, should reach the end)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of uttṛ

From root tṛ with prefix ud

Prefix: ud

Root: tṛ (class 1)

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that (implied object like 'river' or 'task') (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हरेत् (haret) - one should seize, take (one should take, should seize, should carry off)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of hṛ

Root: hṛ (class 1)

यत् (yat) - that which (thing) (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, back (again, anew, but, moreover)

(indeclinable)

आहरेत् (āharet) - one would take back, reclaim (one should bring, should take back, should collect)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of āhṛ

From root hṛ with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

परः (paraḥ) - another person (other, another, supreme, enemy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of para

para - other, another, subsequent, supreme, enemy

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that (implied object like 'river' or 'task') (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

खनेत् (khanet) - one should dig (up) (one should dig, should excavate)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of khan

Root: khan (class 1)

यस्य (yasya) - of which (of which, whose)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

Note: Refers to `tat`.

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

मूलम् (mūlam) - root (of a plant, or figuratively, the base) (root, basis, origin, foundation)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mūla

mūla - root, foundation, basis, origin, source, beginning

उत्खनेत् (utkhanet) - one should uproot, eradicate completely (one should dig up, should uproot, should eradicate)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of utkhan

From root khan with prefix ud

Prefix: ud

Root: khan (class 1)

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that one, him (a person) (him, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हन्यात् (hanyāt) - one should kill (one should kill, should strike)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

यस्य (yasya) - whose (of which, whose)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

Note: Refers to `tam`.

शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, skull, top, summit

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

पातयेत् (pātayet) - one should cause to fall, should sever (one should cause to fall, should throw down, should cut off)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of pat

Causative form

From root pat (class 1) + `-aya` (causative stem)

Root: pat (class 1)