महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-138, verse-37

योऽरिणा सह संधाय सुखं स्वपिति विश्वसन् ।
स वृक्षाग्रप्रसुप्तो वा पतितः प्रतिबुध्यते ॥३७॥

37. yo'riṇā saha saṁdhāya sukhaṁ svapiti viśvasan ,
sa vṛkṣāgraprasupto vā patitaḥ pratibudhyate.

37. yaḥ ariṇā saha saṃdhāya sukham svapiti viśvasan
saḥ vṛkṣāgraprasuptaḥ vā patitaḥ pratibudhyate

37. yaḥ ariṇā saha saṃdhāya viśvasan sukham svapiti
saḥ vṛkṣāgraprasuptaḥ vā patitaḥ pratibudhyate

37. Whoever makes peace with an enemy and sleeps comfortably, trusting them, will awaken only after they have fallen, much like someone who has slept at the very top of a tree and then fallen down.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which, whoever

• अरिणा (ariṇā) - by an enemy, with an enemy

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• संधाय (saṁdhāya) - having made peace, having allied, having joined

• सुखम् (sukham) - happily, comfortably, with ease

• स्वपिति (svapiti) - sleeps

• विश्वसन् (viśvasan) - trusting, believing

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• वृक्षाग्रप्रसुप्तः (vṛkṣāgraprasuptaḥ) - one sleeping at the top of a tree

• वा (vā) - or, like, as if

• पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen

• प्रतिबुध्यते (pratibudhyate) - awakens, realizes

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

अरिणा (ariṇā) - by an enemy, with an enemy

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ari

ari - enemy

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

संधाय (saṁdhāya) - having made peace, having allied, having joined

(indeclinable)

Root √dhā with upasarga sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Absolutive (Gerund)

सुखम् (sukham) - happily, comfortably, with ease

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially

स्वपिति (svapiti) - sleeps

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of svap

Root: svap (class 2)

विश्वसन् (viśvasan) - trusting, believing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvasat

viśvasat - trusting, believing

Present Active Participle

From root √śvas with upasarga vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: śvas (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वृक्षाग्रप्रसुप्तः (vṛkṣāgraprasuptaḥ) - one sleeping at the top of a tree

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛkṣāgraprasupta

vṛkṣāgraprasupta - sleeping at the top of a tree

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vṛkṣa+agra+prasupta)

• vṛkṣa – tree
  noun (masculine)
• agra – top, tip, front
  noun (neuter)
• prasupta – sleeping, asleep
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √svap with upasarga pra.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: svap (class 2)

वा (vā) - or, like, as if

(indeclinable)

पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended

Past Passive Participle

From root √pat.

Root: pat (class 1)

प्रतिबुध्यते (pratibudhyate) - awakens, realizes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pratibudh

Prefix: prati

Root: budh (class 4)