महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-138, verse-39

ये सपत्नाः सपत्नानां सर्वांस्तानपवत्सयेत् ।
आत्मनश्चापि बोद्धव्याश्चाराः प्रणिहिताः परैः ॥३९॥

39. ye sapatnāḥ sapatnānāṁ sarvāṁstānapavatsayet ,
ātmanaścāpi boddhavyāścārāḥ praṇihitāḥ paraiḥ.

39. ye sapatnāḥ sapatnānām sarvān tān apavatsayet
ātmanaḥ ca api boddhavyāḥ cārāḥ praṇihitāḥ paraiḥ

39. sapatnānām ye sapatnāḥ tān sarvān apavatsayet ca
api ātmanaḥ paraiḥ praṇihitāḥ cārāḥ boddhavyāḥ

39. He should expel all those who are enemies from among his foes. Also, one must identify the spies (cāra) dispatched by adversaries against one's own [state/interests].

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - those who, which

• सपत्नाः (sapatnāḥ) - enemies, rivals

• सपत्नानाम् (sapatnānām) - among the foes (of enemies, among enemies)

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, all of them

• तान् (tān) - them, those

• अपवत्सयेत् (apavatsayet) - should cause to leave, should expel

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself, one's own (ātman)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• बोद्धव्याः (boddhavyāḥ) - should be known, should be understood, to be known

• चाराः (cārāḥ) - spies, secret agents

• प्रणिहिताः (praṇihitāḥ) - stationed, appointed, deployed, sent forth

• परैः (paraiḥ) - by adversaries (by others, by enemies)

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - those who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

सपत्नाः (sapatnāḥ) - enemies, rivals

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sapatna

sapatna - rival, enemy, co-wife

सपत्नानाम् (sapatnānām) - among the foes (of enemies, among enemies)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sapatna

sapatna - rival, enemy, co-wife

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, all of them

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

तान् (tān) - them, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अपवत्सयेत् (apavatsayet) - should cause to leave, should expel

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of apavats

Causative

Causative form of √vas (to dwell/stay) with upasarga apa.

Prefix: apa

Root: vas (class 1)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself, one's own (ātman)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit (ātman)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

बोद्धव्याः (boddhavyāḥ) - should be known, should be understood, to be known

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of boddhavya

boddhavya - to be known/understood/perceived

Gerundive

From root √budh, expresses obligation/possibility.

Root: budh (class 1)

चाराः (cārāḥ) - spies, secret agents

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of cāra

cāra - spy, secret agent; walking, moving

प्रणिहिताः (praṇihitāḥ) - stationed, appointed, deployed, sent forth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of praṇihita

praṇihita - placed, set, deposited, appointed

Past Passive Participle

From root √dhā with upasargas pra + ni. Retroflexion of 'n' to 'ṇ' due to 'pra'.

Prefixes: pra+ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

परैः (paraiḥ) - by adversaries (by others, by enemies)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of para

para - other, different, enemy, distant