योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-93, verse-18

कुम्भ उवाच ।
राजन्किमिति देहं त्वं निरागस्कं महावटे ।
त्यजस्यज्ञो हि वृषभः कुपितो हन्ति तर्णकम् ॥ १८ ॥

kumbha uvāca ,
rājankimiti dehaṃ tvaṃ nirāgaskaṃ mahāvaṭe ,
tyajasyajño hi vṛṣabhaḥ kupito hanti tarṇakam 18

18. kumbha uvāca rājan kim iti deham tvam nirāgaskam mahāvaṭe
tyajasi ajñaḥ hi vṛṣabhaḥ kupitaḥ hanti tarṇakam

18. kumbha uvāca rājan,
kim iti tvam nirāgaskam deham mahāvaṭe tyajasi? hi ajñaḥ kupitaḥ vṛṣabhaḥ tarṇakam hanti.

18. Kumbha spoke: "O King, why are you abandoning this innocent body under the great banyan tree? Indeed, an ignorant bull, when enraged, kills its own calf."

Words meanings summery:

• कुम्भ (kumbha) - Kumbha (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• किम् (kim) - what, why

• इति (iti) - thus, so, as

• देहम् (deham) - body

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• निरागस्कम् (nirāgaskam) - faultless, innocent

• महावटे (mahāvaṭe) - under the great banyan tree

• त्यजसि (tyajasi) - you abandon, you give up

• अज्ञः (ajñaḥ) - ignorant, foolish

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

• वृषभः (vṛṣabhaḥ) - bull, chief, best

• कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - enraged, angry, provoked

• हन्ति (hanti) - kills, strikes, injures

• तर्णकम् (tarṇakam) - calf, young animal

Words meanings and morphology

कुम्भ (kumbha) - Kumbha (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kumbha

kumbha - a pitcher, a jar; the frontal globes on an elephant's head; a proper name

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect Active

Derived from root 'vac' (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

किम् (kim) - what, why

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - thus, so, as

(indeclinable)

देहम् (deham) - body

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, form, person

Note: Here treated as masculine, can also be neuter.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

निरागस्कम् (nirāgaskam) - faultless, innocent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nirāgaska

nirāgaska - faultless, innocent, blameless

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nir+āgas+ka)

• nir – without, out of, away from
  indeclinable
  prefix
• āgas – fault, sin, offence, guilt
  noun (neuter)
• ka – who, what; a suffix of diminutive or possessive meaning, sometimes merely expletive
  suffix

Note: Agrees with 'deham' (body)

महावटे (mahāvaṭe) - under the great banyan tree

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāvaṭa

mahāvaṭa - a great banyan tree

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+vaṭa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty, extensive
  adjective (feminine)
• vaṭa – banyan tree, Ficus indica
  noun (masculine)

त्यजसि (tyajasi) - you abandon, you give up

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of tyaj

Root: tyaj (class 1)

अज्ञः (ajñaḥ) - ignorant, foolish

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ajña

ajña - ignorant, foolish, not knowing

Derived from 'a' (negation) and root 'jñā' (to know)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+jña)

• a – not, non-, un- (negative prefix)
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• jña – knowing, acquainted with
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'jñā' (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'vṛṣabhaḥ' (bull)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

(indeclinable)

वृषभः (vṛṣabhaḥ) - bull, chief, best

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛṣabha

vṛṣabha - bull; chief, excellent, strong, best

कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - enraged, angry, provoked

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kupita

kupita - angered, enraged, provoked

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kup' (to be angry)

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'vṛṣabhaḥ' (bull)

हन्ति (hanti) - kills, strikes, injures

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of han

Root: han (class 2)

तर्णकम् (tarṇakam) - calf, young animal

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tarṇaka

tarṇaka - calf, young animal