योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-93, verse-57

सर्वत्यागो महत्त्वस्य कारणं निर्मलद्युतेः ।
सर्वं त्यजसि चेद्यस्माद्बुद्धिस्थैर्यं बृहत्तमम् ॥ ५७ ॥

sarvatyāgo mahattvasya kāraṇaṃ nirmaladyuteḥ ,
sarvaṃ tyajasi cedyasmādbuddhisthairyaṃ bṛhattamam 57

57. sarva tyāgaḥ mahattvasya kāraṇam nirmala dyuteḥ | sarvam
tyajasi cet yasmāt buddhi sthairyam bṛhat tamam ||

57. sarva tyāgaḥ mahattvasya nirmala
dyuteḥ [ca] kāraṇam [asti] yasmāt
cet sarvam tyajasi [tasmāt] bṛhat
tamam buddhi sthairyam [bhavati]

57. Complete renunciation (sarvatyāga) is the cause of greatness and of pure radiance. Because if you renounce everything, then the greatest mental stability (buddhisthairya) manifests.

57. הוויתור המוחלט הוא המקור לגדולה ולזוהר הטהור. משום שאם תוותר על הכל, תזכה ליציבות התבונה הכבירה ביותר.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्व (sarva) - all, complete, everything

• त्यागः (tyāgaḥ) - renunciation, abandonment

• महत्त्वस्य (mahattvasya) - of greatness, of importance

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason, instrument

• निर्मल (nirmala) - pure, clean, spotless

• द्युतेः (dyuteḥ) - of radiance, of splendor

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything, all

• त्यजसि (tyajasi) - you renounce, you abandon

• चेत् (cet) - if

• यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because, for this reason (from which, because, therefore)

• बुद्धि (buddhi) - intellect, understanding, mind

• स्थैर्यम् (sthairyam) - stability, firmness, steadiness

• बृहत् (bṛhat) - great, large, vast

• तमम् (tamam) - most, greatest (superlative suffix)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्व (sarva) - all, complete, everything

(adjective)

of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Part of the compound 'sarvatyāgaḥ'.

त्यागः (tyāgaḥ) - renunciation, abandonment

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tyāga

tyāga - renunciation, abandonment, giving up

From root 'tyaj' (to abandon) with suffix 'ghañ'.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: The subject of the first clause, 'complete renunciation'.

महत्त्वस्य (mahattvasya) - of greatness, of importance

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of mahattva

mahattva - greatness, magnitude, importance

From 'mahat' (great) + suffix 'tva' (abstract noun).

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Possessive, dependent on 'kāraṇam'.

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason, instrument

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

From root 'kṛ' (to do, make) with suffix 'ana'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'sarvatyāgaḥ'.

निर्मल (nirmala) - pure, clean, spotless

(adjective)

of nirmala

nirmala - pure, clean, spotless, unblemished

Compound 'nis' (without) + 'mala' (dirt, impurity).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nis+mala)

• nis – without, out, free from
  indeclinable
• mala – dirt, impurity, stain
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'dyuti'.

द्युतेः (dyuteḥ) - of radiance, of splendor

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of dyuti

dyuti - radiance, splendor, light, lustre

From root 'dyut' (to shine) with suffix 'kti'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nirmala+dyuti)

• nirmala – pure, clean
  adjective
  Prefix: nis
• dyuti – radiance, splendor
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'dyut' (to shine) with suffix 'kti'.
  Root: dyut (class 1)

Note: Parallel to 'mahattvasya', dependent on 'kāraṇam'.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything, all

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every

Accusative singular neuter of 'sarva'.

Note: Direct object of 'tyajasi'.

त्यजसि (tyajasi) - you renounce, you abandon

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of tyaj

present active

Present active indicative, 2nd person singular.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Verb in the conditional clause.

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a conditional clause.

यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because, for this reason (from which, because, therefore)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Ablative singular of 'yad'. Used adverbially to introduce a reason or consequence.

Note: Functions as a conjunction meaning 'because' or 'since'.

बुद्धि (buddhi) - intellect, understanding, mind

(noun)

of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, mind, reason, perception

From root 'budh' (to know, perceive) with suffix 'kti'.

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Part of the compound 'buddhisthairyam'.

स्थैर्यम् (sthairyam) - stability, firmness, steadiness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sthairya

sthairya - stability, firmness, steadiness

From 'sthira' (firm, steady) with suffix 'ya' (abstract noun).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (buddhi+sthairya)

• buddhi – intellect, understanding
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh (class 1)
• sthairya – stability, firmness
  noun (neuter)
  From 'sthira' (firm) + suffix 'ya' (abstract noun).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: The subject of the resulting clause, 'mental stability'.

बृहत् (bṛhat) - great, large, vast

(adjective)

of bṛhat

bṛhat - great, large, vast, extensive

From root 'bṛh' (to grow, be great).

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: Forms the superlative 'bṛhattamam'.

तमम् (tamam) - most, greatest (superlative suffix)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tama

tama - most, greatest (superlative suffix)

Superlative suffix 'tama'.

Note: Combined with 'bṛhat' to form 'bṛhattamam' (greatest), modifying 'sthairyam'.

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