योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-9, verse-5

हा कष्टमतिकष्टासु लोकलोलदशास्वयम् ।
पाषाणेष्विव पाषाणा आलुठामि बलादहम् ॥ ५ ॥

hā kaṣṭamatikaṣṭāsu lokaloladaśāsvayam ,
pāṣāṇeṣviva pāṣāṇā āluṭhāmi balādaham 5

5. hā kaṣṭam atikaṣṭāsu lokaloladaśāsu ayam
pāṣāṇeṣu iva pāṣāṇāḥ āluṭhāmi balāt aham

5. hā kaṣṭam अतिकष्टासु लोकलोलदशासु,
अयम् अहम्,
पाषाणेषु पाषाणाः इव,
बलात् आलुठामि

5. Alas, alas! In these extremely harsh and restless conditions of the world, I am forcibly tossed about like stones among other stones.

Words meanings summery:

• हा (hā) - alas!, ah!, oh!

• कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - alas!, misery, distress, difficulty

• अतिकष्टासु (atikaṣṭāsu) - in very difficult, in very distressing

• लोकलोलदशासु (lokaloladaśāsu) - in these extremely harsh and restless conditions of the world (in the fickle states of the world, in the agitated conditions of people)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (I) (this, this one (masculine))

• पाषाणेषु (pāṣāṇeṣu) - among stones, in stones

• इव (iva) - like, as

• पाषाणाः (pāṣāṇāḥ) - stones, rocks

• आलुठामि (āluṭhāmi) - I roll, I am tossed, I wander

• बलात् (balāt) - by force, forcibly, helplessly, by strength

• अहम् (aham) - I

Words meanings and morphology

हा (hā) - alas!, ah!, oh!

(indeclinable)

कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - alas!, misery, distress, difficulty

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kaṣṭa

kaṣṭa - difficult, painful, miserable, distress, misery

Past Passive Participle of kaṣ (to suffer) used as a noun or adjective

Root: kaṣ (class 1)

Note: Used as an exclamation.

अतिकष्टासु (atikaṣṭāsu) - in very difficult, in very distressing

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, plural of atikaṣṭa

atikaṣṭa - very difficult, extremely painful, very distressing

Compound: ati (very, exceedingly) + kaṣṭa (difficult)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ati+kaṣṭa)

• ati – very, exceedingly, over
  indeclinable
  prefix/adverb
• kaṣṭa – difficult, painful, miserable
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from kaṣ (to suffer)
  Root: kaṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'lokaloladaśāsu'.

लोकलोलदशासु (lokaloladaśāsu) - in these extremely harsh and restless conditions of the world (in the fickle states of the world, in the agitated conditions of people)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of lokaloladaśā

lokaloladaśā - fickle conditions of the world, agitated states of people

Compound: loka (world) + lola (fickle) + daśā (state)

Compound type : karmadhāraya or bahuvrīhi (loka-lola-daśā) (loka+lola+daśā)

• loka – world, people, mankind
  noun (masculine)
• lola – fickle, unsteady, agitated, trembling
  adjective (feminine)
  from lol (to move to and fro)
  Root: lol
• daśā – state, condition, plight, period of life
  noun (feminine)

Note: Refers to the conditions prevailing in the world.

अयम् (ayam) - this (I) (this, this one (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Refers to the speaker ('aham').

पाषाणेषु (pāṣāṇeṣu) - among stones, in stones

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of pāṣāṇa

pāṣāṇa - stone, rock

Note: Part of the simile: 'like stones among stones'.

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

पाषाणाः (pāṣāṇāḥ) - stones, rocks

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṣāṇa

pāṣāṇa - stone, rock

Note: Subject of the simile, 'I (am tossed) like stones'.

आलुठामि (āluṭhāmi) - I roll, I am tossed, I wander

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ā-luṭh

present active

present tense, 1st person singular active

Prefix: ā

Root: luṭh (class 6)

Note: Main verb.

बलात् (balāt) - by force, forcibly, helplessly, by strength

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

Note: Explicit subject of 'āluṭhāmi'.