योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-9, verse-42

जायन्ते च म्रियन्ते च प्राकृताः क्षुद्रजन्तवः ।
धरा तैरेव नीरन्ध्रा दुर्लभाः साधुसाधवः ॥ ४२ ॥

jāyante ca mriyante ca prākṛtāḥ kṣudrajantavaḥ ,
dharā taireva nīrandhrā durlabhāḥ sādhusādhavaḥ 42

42. jāyante ca mriyante ca prākṛtāḥ kṣudra-jantavaḥ
dharā taiḥ eva nīrandhrā durlabhāḥ sādhu-sādhavaḥ

42. prākṛtāḥ kṣudra-jantavaḥ ca jāyante ca mriyante
dharā taiḥ eva nīrandhrā sādhu-sādhavaḥ durlabhāḥ

42. Ordinary, petty creatures (kṣudra-jantavaḥ) are born (jāyante) and die (mriyante). The earth (dharā) is densely packed (nīrandhrā) by them (taiḥ eva); truly good and saintly individuals (sādhu-sādhavaḥ) are rare (durlabhāḥ).

Words meanings summery:

• जायन्ते (jāyante) - are born, come into being

• च (ca) - and, also

• म्रियन्ते (mriyante) - die, perish

• च (ca) - and, also

• प्राकृताः (prākṛtāḥ) - ordinary, common, natural

• क्षुद्र-जन्तवः (kṣudra-jantavaḥ) - petty creatures, small beings

• धरा (dharā) - earth, ground

• तैः (taiḥ) - by them

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• नीरन्ध्रा (nīrandhrā) - dense, without gaps, crowded

• दुर्लभाः (durlabhāḥ) - rare, difficult to obtain

• साधु-साधवः (sādhu-sādhavaḥ) - truly good people, saintly individuals

Words meanings and morphology

जायन्ते (jāyante) - are born, come into being

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of jan

middle voice

root jan (4th class, ātmanepada)

Root: jan (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

म्रियन्ते (mriyante) - die, perish

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of mṛ

middle voice

root mṛ (6th class, ātmanepada)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

प्राकृताः (prākṛtāḥ) - ordinary, common, natural

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prākṛta

prākṛta - natural, ordinary, common, vulgar, pertaining to (prakṛti)

Derived from prakṛti

क्षुद्र-जन्तवः (kṣudra-jantavaḥ) - petty creatures, small beings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣudra-jantu

kṣudra-jantu - small creature, petty being, insignificant animal

Compound type : karmadhāraya (kṣudra+jantu)

• kṣudra – small, minute, petty, insignificant, mean
  adjective
• jantu – living being, creature, animal, man
  noun (masculine)
  from root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

धरा (dharā) - earth, ground

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dharā

dharā - earth, ground, land

from root dhṛ (to hold)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

तैः (taiḥ) - by them

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

नीरन्ध्रा (nīrandhrā) - dense, without gaps, crowded

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nīrandhra

nīrandhra - dense, compact, without gaps, full, crowded

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ni+randhra)

• ni – without, lacking
  indeclinable
• randhra – hole, opening, gap
  noun (neuter)

दुर्लभाः (durlabhāḥ) - rare, difficult to obtain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of durlabha

durlabha - difficult to obtain, rare, scarce

upasarga dur (difficult) + root labh (to obtain)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dur+labha)

• dur – difficult, bad, hard
  indeclinable
• labha – getting, obtaining, gain, acquisition
  noun (masculine)
  from root labh (to obtain)
  Root: labh (class 1)

साधु-साधवः (sādhu-sādhavaḥ) - truly good people, saintly individuals

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sādhu-sādhu

sādhu-sādhu - good and saintly individuals, virtuous people

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sādhu+sādhu)

• sādhu – good, virtuous, righteous, saintly
  adjective
  Root: sādh (class 5)
• sādhu – good person, saint, sage, virtuous individual
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sādh (class 5)