योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-9, verse-39

कोऽसौ स्वर्गोऽस्ति भूमौ वा पाताले वा प्रदेशकः ।
न यत्राभिभवन्त्येता दुर्भ्रमर्य इवापदः ॥ ३९ ॥

ko'sau svargo'sti bhūmau vā pātāle vā pradeśakaḥ ,
na yatrābhibhavantyetā durbhramarya ivāpadaḥ 39

39. kaḥ asau svargaḥ asti bhūmau vā pātāle vā pradeśakaḥ
na yatra abhibhavanti etāḥ durbhrāmaryaḥ iva āpadaḥ

39. asau svargaḥ vā bhūmau vā pātāle vā pradeśakaḥ kaḥ asti
yatra etāḥ āpadaḥ durbhrāmaryaḥ iva na abhibhavanti

39. Where is that heaven (svarga) or region, be it on earth or in the netherworld, where these calamities (āpada) – which are like troublesome, buzzing insects – do not torment one?

Words meanings summery:

• कः (kaḥ) - who?, what?

• असौ (asau) - that (yonder), this

• स्वर्गः (svargaḥ) - heaven, celestial world (svarga)

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on earth, in the world

• वा (vā) - or, either

• पाताले (pātāle) - in the netherworld, in the underworld

• वा (vā) - or, either

• प्रदेशकः (pradeśakaḥ) - a region, a place, a district

• न (na) - not, no

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which (place)

• अभिभवन्ति (abhibhavanti) - they overcome, they afflict, they prevail over

• एताः (etāḥ) - these

• दुर्भ्रामर्यः (durbhrāmaryaḥ) - troublesome buzzing insects, bad wanderers

• इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

• आपदः (āpadaḥ) - calamities, misfortunes, distresses

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - who?, what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who?, what?, which?

Masculine nominative singular form of 'kim'.

Note: Interrogative pronoun, subject of 'asti'.

असौ (asau) - that (yonder), this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that (yonder), this

Masculine nominative singular form of 'adas'.

Note: Qualifies 'svargaḥ' and 'pradeśakaḥ'.

स्वर्गः (svargaḥ) - heaven, celestial world (svarga)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, celestial realm, paradise (svarga)

Note: Subject of 'asti'.

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

present active

3rd person singular present active indicative.

Root: as (class 2)

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on earth, in the world

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

Note: Locative of place.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

पाताले (pātāle) - in the netherworld, in the underworld

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pātāla

pātāla - netherworld, underworld, one of the seven regions below the earth

Note: Locative of place.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

प्रदेशकः (pradeśakaḥ) - a region, a place, a district

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pradeśaka

pradeśaka - a region, a place, a district

From 'pradeśa' (region) with suffix 'ka'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates the verb 'abhibhavanti'.

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which (place)

(indeclinable)

Relative adverb of place.

अभिभवन्ति (abhibhavanti) - they overcome, they afflict, they prevail over

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

present active

3rd person plural present active indicative, from root 'bhū' with prefix 'abhi'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'etāḥ āpadaḥ'.

एताः (etāḥ) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of etas

etas - this

Feminine nominative plural form of 'etas'.

Note: Qualifies 'āpadaḥ'.

दुर्भ्रामर्यः (durbhrāmaryaḥ) - troublesome buzzing insects, bad wanderers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of durbhrāmarya

durbhrāmarya - troublesome/bad buzzing insects/bees/wanderers

Compound of 'dur' (bad/troublesome) and 'bhrāmarya'. 'Bhrāmarī' is a female bee, 'bhrāmarya' can refer to buzzing insects or wanderers, implying an annoying, persistent nuisance.

Compound type : pradi-samāsa (dur+bhrāmarya)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult, troublesome
  prefix/indeclinable
• bhrāmarya – bee, buzzing insect, wanderer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'bhram' (to wander, buzz), related to 'bhrāmara' (bee).
  Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: Part of the simile: 'like troublesome buzzing insects'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)

Particle indicating comparison.

Note: Particle of comparison.

आपदः (āpadaḥ) - calamities, misfortunes, distresses

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of āpad

āpad - calamity, misfortune, distress, danger

From prefix 'ā' + root 'pad' (to go, fall).

Prefix: ā

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'abhibhavanti'.