योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-9, verse-31

कष्टात्कष्टतरं प्राप्तो दुःखाद्दुःखतरं गतः ।
अद्यापि न विरक्तोस्मि हा धिङ्मामधमाशयम् ॥ ३१ ॥

kaṣṭātkaṣṭataraṃ prāpto duḥkhādduḥkhataraṃ gataḥ ,
adyāpi na viraktosmi hā dhiṅmāmadhamāśayam 31

31. kaṣṭāt kaṣṭataram prāptaḥ duḥkhāt duḥkhataram gataḥ
adya api na viraktaḥ asmi hā dhik mām adhamāśayam

31. aham (implied) kaṣṭāt kaṣṭataram prāptaḥ,
duḥkhāt duḥkhataram gataḥ (asmi).
adya api na viraktaḥ asmi.
hā! adhamāśayam mām dhik!

31. Having fallen into a state worse than my previous misfortune, and having reached a suffering greater than my previous sorrows, even now I am not detached. Alas! Shame on me, the low-minded one!

Words meanings summery:

• कष्टात् (kaṣṭāt) - from (a previous state of) misfortune (from difficulty, from trouble, from misery)

• कष्टतरम् (kaṣṭataram) - a worse misfortune (more difficult, worse misery)

• प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - having reached, having fallen into (obtained, reached, achieved)

• दुःखात् (duḥkhāt) - from (a previous state of) sorrow (from sorrow, from pain)

• दुःखतरम् (duḥkhataram) - a greater suffering (more sorrowful, worse suffering)

• गतः (gataḥ) - having reached, having gone to (gone, reached, passed)

• अद्य (adya) - even today (today, now)

• अपि (api) - even (emphasizing the continuity of his state) (also, even, too)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• विरक्तः (viraktaḥ) - detached (from worldly things) (detached, dispassionate, indifferent)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am (I am, I exist)

• हा (hā) - alas! (alas! ah!)

• धिक् (dhik) - shame on! (shame on! fie upon! curse!)

• माम् (mām) - me

• अधमाशयम् (adhamāśayam) - the low-minded one (referring to the speaker himself) (low-minded, evil-intentioned)

Words meanings and morphology

कष्टात् (kaṣṭāt) - from (a previous state of) misfortune (from difficulty, from trouble, from misery)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kaṣṭa

kaṣṭa - difficulty, trouble, pain, misery; difficult, painful

Past Passive Participle of kaṣ (to suffer, to scratch) used as noun/adj.

Root: kaṣ (class 1)

कष्टतरम् (kaṣṭataram) - a worse misfortune (more difficult, worse misery)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kaṣṭatara

kaṣṭatara - more difficult, worse

comparative degree of kaṣṭa

Note: Direct object of prāptaḥ.

प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - having reached, having fallen into (obtained, reached, achieved)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, achieved

Past Passive Participle

from root āp- (to obtain) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

दुःखात् (duḥkhāt) - from (a previous state of) sorrow (from sorrow, from pain)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, pain, suffering, misery

दुःखतरम् (duḥkhataram) - a greater suffering (more sorrowful, worse suffering)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkhatara

duḥkhatara - more sorrowful, worse

comparative degree of duḥkha

Note: Direct object of gataḥ.

गतः (gataḥ) - having reached, having gone to (gone, reached, passed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, moved, reached, attained

Past Passive Participle

from root gam- (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

अद्य (adya) - even today (today, now)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even (emphasizing the continuity of his state) (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

negative particle

विरक्तः (viraktaḥ) - detached (from worldly things) (detached, dispassionate, indifferent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of virakta

virakta - dispassionate, detached, indifferent, averse

Past Passive Participle

from root rañj- (to be colored, affected) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: rañj (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for aham.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am (I am, I exist)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active

from root as- (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

हा (hā) - alas! (alas! ah!)

(indeclinable)

interjection expressing sorrow or regret

धिक् (dhik) - shame on! (shame on! fie upon! curse!)

(indeclinable)

particle of blame or contempt, takes accusative case

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

first person pronoun

अधमाशयम् (adhamāśayam) - the low-minded one (referring to the speaker himself) (low-minded, evil-intentioned)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adhamāśaya

adhamāśaya - low-minded, having base intentions, contemptible character

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (adhama+āśaya)

• adhama – lowest, mean, vile, base
  adjective (masculine)
• āśaya – intention, disposition, mind, abode, meaning
  noun (masculine)
  from root śī- (to lie, dwell) with prefix ā-
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śī (class 2)