योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-9, verse-24

ब्रह्मणां कोटयो याता गताः सर्गपरम्पराः ।
प्रयाताः पांसुवद्भूपाः का धृतिर्मम जीविते ॥ २४ ॥

brahmaṇāṃ koṭayo yātā gatāḥ sargaparamparāḥ ,
prayātāḥ pāṃsuvadbhūpāḥ kā dhṛtirmama jīvite 24

24. brahmaṇām koṭayaḥ yātāḥ gatāḥ sargaparamparāḥ |
prayātāḥ pāṃsuvat bhūpāḥ kā dhṛtiḥ mama jīvite ||

24. brahmaṇām koṭayaḥ yātāḥ gatāḥ sargaparamparāḥ
pāṃsuvat bhūpāḥ prayātāḥ mama jīvite kā dhṛtiḥ

24. Millions of Brahmās have come and gone, as have successions of creations. Kings have passed away like dust. What endurance (dhṛti) do I have in this life?

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्मणाम् (brahmaṇām) - of Brahmās (the creator deity) (of Brahmās, of great beings)

• कोटयः (koṭayaḥ) - millions (of Brahmās) (millions, crores, highest points)

• याताः (yātāḥ) - have come (and gone) (gone, departed, arrived, passed)

• गताः (gatāḥ) - gone (gone, departed, reached)

• सर्गपरम्पराः (sargaparamparāḥ) - successions of creations (successions of creations, lineages of emanations)

• प्रयाताः (prayātāḥ) - have passed away (departed, gone forth, passed away)

• पांसुवत् (pāṁsuvat) - like dust (like dust, as dust)

• भूपाः (bhūpāḥ) - kings (kings, rulers, protectors of the earth)

• का (kā) - what (what, who, which)

• धृतिः (dhṛtiḥ) - endurance (dhṛti) (endurance, firmness, fortitude, resolve, satisfaction)

• मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

• जीविते (jīvite) - in (this) life (in life, in livelihood, in the living)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्मणाम् (brahmaṇām) - of Brahmās (the creator deity) (of Brahmās, of great beings)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of brahman

brahman - the creator deity Brahmā, the Absolute (brahman), the sacred word, priest, soul, self (ātman)

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: Refers to multiple creator deities Brahmā, rather than the impersonal Absolute (brahman).

कोटयः (koṭayaḥ) - millions (of Brahmās) (millions, crores, highest points)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of koṭi

koṭi - crore, ten million, highest point, extremity

याताः (yātāḥ) - have come (and gone) (gone, departed, arrived, passed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yāta

yāta - gone, departed, reached

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'yā' (to go) with suffix -ta

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Functions like a past participle, implying completion.

गताः (gatāḥ) - gone (gone, departed, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'gam' (to go) with suffix -ta

Root: gam (class 1)

सर्गपरम्पराः (sargaparamparāḥ) - successions of creations (successions of creations, lineages of emanations)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sargaparamparā

sargaparamparā - succession of creations

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarga+paramparā)

• sarga – creation, emanation, chapter
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sṛj (class 6)
• paramparā – succession, series, tradition, lineage
  noun (feminine)

Note: The plural nominative indicates these successions also 'have gone'.

प्रयाताः (prayātāḥ) - have passed away (departed, gone forth, passed away)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prayāta

prayāta - gone forth, departed, passed away

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'yā' (to go) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

पांसुवत् (pāṁsuvat) - like dust (like dust, as dust)

(indeclinable)

Formed with the suffix '-vat' indicating similarity

भूपाः (bhūpāḥ) - kings (kings, rulers, protectors of the earth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhūpa

bhūpa - king, ruler, protector of the earth

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhū+pa)

• bhū – earth, land, world
  noun (feminine)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• pa – protector, guardian, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'pā' (to protect) with suffix -a
  Root: pā (class 2)

का (kā) - what (what, who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Feminine nominative singular form of the interrogative pronoun 'kim'

Note: Agrees with feminine noun `dhṛtiḥ`.

धृतिः (dhṛtiḥ) - endurance (dhṛti) (endurance, firmness, fortitude, resolve, satisfaction)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dhṛti

dhṛti - endurance, firmness, fortitude, resolve, satisfaction

Derived from root 'dhṛ' (to hold, support) with suffix -ti

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Genitive singular form of 'asmad' (first person pronoun)

जीविते (jīvite) - in (this) life (in life, in livelihood, in the living)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, livelihood, living

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'jīv' (to live), used as a noun

Root: jīv (class 1)