वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-33, verse-78

चारु तच्चाननं तस्यास्ताम्रशुक्लायतेक्षणम् ।
अशोभत विशालाक्ष्या राहुमुक्त इवोडुराट् ।
हनूमन्तं कपिं व्यक्तं मन्यते नान्यथेति सा ॥७८॥

78. cāru taccānanaṃ tasyāstāmraśuklāyatekṣaṇam ,
aśobhata viśālākṣyā rāhumukta ivoḍurāṭ ,
hanūmantaṃ kapiṃ vyaktaṃ manyate nānyatheti sā.

78. cāru tat ca ānanam tasyāḥ
tāmraśuklāyatekṣaṇam aśobhata viśālākṣyā
rāhumuktaḥ iva uḍurāṭ hanūmantam
kapim vyaktam manyate na anyathā iti sā

78. tasyāḥ cāru ca tāmraśuklāyatekṣaṇam ānanam viśālākṣyā rāhumuktaḥ uḍurāṭ iva aśobhata.
sā vyaktam hanūmantam kapim manyate,
na anyathā iti.

78. Her beautiful face, with its wide, reddish-white eyes, shone like the moon released from Rahu. She clearly believed him to be Hanuman, and no one else.

Words meanings summery:

• चारु (cāru) - beautiful, lovely, charming

• तत् (tat) - that, her

• च (ca) - and, also

• आननम् (ānanam) - face, mouth

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - her, of her

• ताम्रशुक्लायतेक्षणम् (tāmraśuklāyatekṣaṇam) - whose eyes are reddish-white and expansive/long

• अशोभत (aśobhata) - it shone, it was beautiful

• विशालाक्ष्या (viśālākṣyā) - Janaki, the wide-eyed one (by the wide-eyed one, the wide-eyed (woman))

• राहुमुक्तः (rāhumuktaḥ) - released by Rahu, freed from Rahu

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• उडुराट् (uḍurāṭ) - king of stars, the moon

• हनूमन्तम् (hanūmantam) - Hanuman

• कपिम् (kapim) - the monkey (Hanuman) (monkey)

• व्यक्तम् (vyaktam) - clearly, distinctly, manifest

• मन्यते (manyate) - she thinks, she believes, she considers

• न (na) - not, no

• अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise, in another way

• इति (iti) - thus, so (quotative particle)

• सा (sā) - she

Words meanings and morphology

चारु (cāru) - beautiful, lovely, charming

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cāru

cāru - beautiful, charming, lovely

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'ānanam'.

तत् (tat) - that, her

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to 'ānanam'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

आननम् (ānanam) - face, mouth

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ānana

ānana - face, mouth

From 'an' (to breathe) + 'ana' suffix

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'aśobhata'.

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - her, of her

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Possessive, refers to Janaki.

ताम्रशुक्लायतेक्षणम् (tāmraśuklāyatekṣaṇam) - whose eyes are reddish-white and expansive/long

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tāmraśuklāyatekṣaṇa

tāmraśuklāyatekṣaṇa - having copper-white, widely-opened eyes

tāmra (copper-colored) + śukla (white) + āyata (expansive) + īkṣaṇa (eye)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tāmra+śukla+āyata+īkṣaṇa)

• tāmra – copper, reddish
  adjective
• śukla – white, bright
  adjective
• āyata – extended, long, wide
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'ā' (prefix) + 'yam' (to stretch)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yam (class 1)
• īkṣaṇa – eye, seeing
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'īkṣ' (to see)
  Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'ānanam'.

अशोभत (aśobhata) - it shone, it was beautiful

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of śubh

Imperfect Middle

Third person singular imperfect middle of √śubh (or √śubh in Dhatupatha, or a denom from śobhā)

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

विशालाक्ष्या (viśālākṣyā) - Janaki, the wide-eyed one (by the wide-eyed one, the wide-eyed (woman))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of viśālākṣī

viśālākṣī - a woman with large/wide eyes

viśāla (wide) + akṣī (eye, feminine form)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (viśāla+akṣī)

• viśāla – wide, broad, large
  adjective
• akṣī – eye (feminine form)
  noun (feminine)
  Feminine form of akṣi

Note: Appears as an epithet for Janaki, describing her.

राहुमुक्तः (rāhumuktaḥ) - released by Rahu, freed from Rahu

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāhumukta

rāhumukta - released by/from Rahu

rāhu (Rahu, the eclipse demon) + mukta (released)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rāhu+mukta)

• rāhu – Rahu (mythological planet/demon)
  proper noun (masculine)
• mukta – released, freed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'muc' (to release)
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Modifies 'uḍurāṭ'.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison

Note: Indicates simile.

उडुराट् (uḍurāṭ) - king of stars, the moon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uḍurāj

uḍurāj - king of stars, the moon

uḍu (star) + rāj (king)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (uḍu+rāj)

• uḍu – star, constellation
  noun (neuter)
• rāj – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'rāj' (to shine, rule)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Compared to Janaki's face.

हनूमन्तम् (hanūmantam) - Hanuman

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hanūmat

hanūmat - Hanuman (a prominent Vanara deity)

Note: Object of 'manyate'.

कपिम् (kapim) - the monkey (Hanuman) (monkey)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kapi

kapi - monkey, ape

Root: kamp (class 1)

Note: In apposition to 'Hanūmantam'.

व्यक्तम् (vyaktam) - clearly, distinctly, manifest

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

vi (apart) + añc (to go, manifest) or vyaj (to make manifest)

Prefix: vi

Root: añc (class 7)

Note: Functions as an adverb 'clearly'.

मन्यते (manyate) - she thinks, she believes, she considers

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man

Present Middle

Third person singular present middle of √man

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Main verb.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negation particle

Note: Negates 'anyathā'.

अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise, in another way

(indeclinable)

From 'anya' (other) + 'thā' (suffix indicating manner)

Note: Functions as an adverb.

इति (iti) - thus, so (quotative particle)

(indeclinable)

Quotative particle

Note: Indicates the end of a thought or quote.

सा (sā) - she

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

Feminine nominative singular of 'tad'

Note: Subject of 'manyate'.

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