वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-33, verse-63

अथाहं हरिसैन्यस्य सागरं दृश्य सीदतः ।
व्यवधूय भयं तीव्रं योजनानां शतं प्लुतः ॥६३॥

63. athāhaṃ harisainyasya sāgaraṃ dṛśya sīdataḥ ,
vyavadhūya bhayaṃ tīvraṃ yojanānāṃ śataṃ plutaḥ.

63. atha aham harisainyasya sāgaram dṛśya sīdataḥ
vyavadhūya bhayam tīvram yojanānām śatam plutaḥ

63. atha aham sāgaram dṛśya sīdataḥ harisainyasya
tīvram bhayam vyavadhūya yojanānām śatam plutaḥ

63. Then I, seeing the monkey army despairing at the sight of the ocean, cast off intense fear and leaped a hundred yojanas.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then (now, then, thereupon)

• अहम् (aham) - I (Hanuman) (I)

• हरिसैन्यस्य (harisainyasya) - of the monkey army

• सागरम् (sāgaram) - the ocean (ocean, sea)

• दृश्य (dṛśya) - having seen (having seen, seeing)

• सीदतः (sīdataḥ) - despairing (of the monkey army) (despairing, sinking, becoming dejected)

• व्यवधूय (vyavadhūya) - having cast off (having cast off, having shaken off, having removed)

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear (fear, terror)

• तीव्रम् (tīvram) - intense (intense, severe, sharp, fierce)

• योजनानाम् (yojanānām) - of yojanas (a unit of distance) (of yojanas)

• शतम् (śatam) - a hundred

• प्लुतः (plutaḥ) - leaped (leaped, jumped, floated)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then (now, then, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks a transition in narrative.

अहम् (aham) - I (Hanuman) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of the actions 'vyavadhūya' and 'plutaḥ'.

हरिसैन्यस्य (harisainyasya) - of the monkey army

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of harisainya

harisainya - monkey army

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hari+sainya)

• hari – monkey, lion, Vishnu, Indra
  noun (masculine)
• sainya – army, host, military
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'sīdataḥ'.

सागरम् (sāgaram) - the ocean (ocean, sea)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sāgara

sāgara - ocean, sea

Note: Object of 'dṛśya'.

दृश्य (dṛśya) - having seen (having seen, seeing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root dṛś (to see) with suffix -ya (after prefix, but here without prefix). Common in epics.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सीदतः (sīdataḥ) - despairing (of the monkey army) (despairing, sinking, becoming dejected)

(participle)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sīdat

sīdat - sinking, despairing, becoming dejected, suffering

present active participle

From root sad (to sink, despond) with intensive/reduplicative form sīd

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'harisainyasya'.

व्यवधूय (vyavadhūya) - having cast off (having cast off, having shaken off, having removed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root dhū (to shake) with prefixes vi- and ava-

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: dhū (class 5)

Note: Precedes the main verb 'plutaḥ'.

भयम् (bhayam) - fear (fear, terror)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, terror, apprehension

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Object of 'vyavadhūya'.

तीव्रम् (tīvram) - intense (intense, severe, sharp, fierce)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tīvra

tīvra - intense, severe, sharp, fierce, violent

Note: Agrees with 'bhayam'.

योजनानाम् (yojanānām) - of yojanas (a unit of distance) (of yojanas)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of yojana

yojana - a measure of distance (approx. 8-15 km), yoking, union

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Specifies the quantity 'śatam'.

शतम् (śatam) - a hundred

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śata

śata - a hundred

Note: Acts as the object of 'plutaḥ' (leaped over a hundred).

प्लुतः (plutaḥ) - leaped (leaped, jumped, floated)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pluta

pluta - leaped, jumped, floated, swum

past passive participle

From root plu (to leap, swim)

Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Functions as the main verb, agreeing with 'aham'.

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