वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-33, verse-40

शयितं च चिरं तेन दुःखार्तेन महात्मना ।
मयापि विविधैर्वाक्यैः कृच्छ्रादुत्थापितः पुनः ॥४०॥

40. śayitaṃ ca ciraṃ tena duḥkhārtena mahātmanā ,
mayāpi vividhairvākyaiḥ kṛcchrādutthāpitaḥ punaḥ.

40. śayitam ca ciram tena duḥkhārtena mahātmanā mayā
api vividhaiḥ vākyaiḥ kṛcchrāt utthāpitaḥ punaḥ

40. And that great soul (Rāma), afflicted by sorrow, lay down for a long time. Then I (Hanumān) also, with difficulty, roused him again with various words.

Words meanings summery:

• शयितम् (śayitam) - (he was) lying down (lain down, slept, lying)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time (for a long time, long)

• तेन (tena) - by him (Rāma) (by him, by that)

• दुःखार्तेन (duḥkhārtena) - by the one afflicted by sorrow

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great soul (Rāma) (by the great soul, by the magnanimous one)

• मया (mayā) - by me (Hanumān) (by me)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even)

• विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - with various (with various, manifold)

• वाक्यैः (vākyaiḥ) - with (my) words (with words, speeches)

• कृच्छ्रात् (kṛcchrāt) - with difficulty (from difficulty, with difficulty)

• उत्थापितः (utthāpitaḥ) - he was roused (raised up, roused)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, back)

Words meanings and morphology

शयितम् (śayitam) - (he was) lying down (lain down, slept, lying)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śayita

śayita - lain down, slept, lying, resting

Past Passive Participle

From root śī (to lie down, to sleep)

Root: śī (class 2)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time (for a long time, long)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb of time.

तेन (tena) - by him (Rāma) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rāma.

दुःखार्तेन (duḥkhārtena) - by the one afflicted by sorrow

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of duḥkhārta

duḥkhārta - distressed by sorrow, afflicted with pain

Compound type : tatpurusha (duḥkha+ārta)

• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, pained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ṛ (to go, to move), here means 'affected by'
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'mahātmanā' and 'tena'.

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great soul (Rāma) (by the great soul, by the magnanimous one)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, magnanimous, noble; a great person, a supreme (puruṣa)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Rāma.

मया (mayā) - by me (Hanumān) (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Agent of 'utthāpitaḥ'.

अपि (api) - also (also, even)

(indeclinable)

विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - with various (with various, manifold)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of vividha

vividha - various, manifold, diverse

Note: Modifies 'vākyaiḥ'.

वाक्यैः (vākyaiḥ) - with (my) words (with words, speeches)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

From vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Means of action for 'utthāpitaḥ'.

कृच्छ्रात् (kṛcchrāt) - with difficulty (from difficulty, with difficulty)

(indeclinable)

Note: Ablative used adverbially to indicate 'with difficulty'.

उत्थापितः (utthāpitaḥ) - he was roused (raised up, roused)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of utthāpita

utthāpita - raised up, awakened, roused, made to stand

Causative Past Passive Participle

From root sthā (to stand) with upasarga ut (up) in causative form (-paya), then PPP

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Refers to Rāma, the object of being raised.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, back)

(indeclinable)

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