वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-33, verse-64

लङ्का चापि मया रात्रौ प्रविष्टा राक्षसाकुला ।
रावणश्च मया दृष्टस्त्वं च शोकनिपीडिता ॥६४॥

64. laṅkā cāpi mayā rātrau praviṣṭā rākṣasākulā ,
rāvaṇaśca mayā dṛṣṭastvaṃ ca śokanipīḍitā.

64. laṅkā ca api mayā rātrau praviṣṭā rākṣasākulā
rāvaṇaḥ ca mayā dṛṣṭaḥ tvam ca śokanipīḍitā

64. rākṣasākulā laṅkā ca api mayā rātrau praviṣṭā
rāvaṇaḥ ca mayā dṛṣṭaḥ tvam ca śokanipīḍitā

64. And Lanka, teeming with Rākṣasas, was entered by me at night. Ravana was also seen by me, and you, afflicted by sorrow.

Words meanings summery:

• लङ्का (laṅkā) - Lanka, Ravana's city (Lanka (the city/island))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• मया (mayā) - by me (Hanuman) (by me)

• रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night (at night, in the night)

• प्रविष्टा (praviṣṭā) - entered (entered, penetrated)

• राक्षसाकुला (rākṣasākulā) - teeming with Rākṣasas (crowded with Rākṣasas, full of demons)

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana (the demon king) (Ravana)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• मया (mayā) - by me (Hanuman) (by me)

• दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Sita) (you)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• शोकनिपीडिता (śokanipīḍitā) - afflicted by sorrow (afflicted by sorrow, tormented by grief)

Words meanings and morphology

लङ्का (laṅkā) - Lanka, Ravana's city (Lanka (the city/island))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of laṅkā

laṅkā - Lanka (the capital city of Ravana, located on an island)

Note: Subject of 'praviṣṭā'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses.

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that Lanka was also entered.

मया (mayā) - by me (Hanuman) (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Agent in passive construction.

रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night (at night, in the night)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

Note: Time adverbial.

प्रविष्टा (praviṣṭā) - entered (entered, penetrated)

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of praviṣṭa

praviṣṭa - entered, penetrated, gone into

past passive participle

From root viś (to enter) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Main verb in passive construction.

राक्षसाकुला (rākṣasākulā) - teeming with Rākṣasas (crowded with Rākṣasas, full of demons)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rākṣasākula

rākṣasākula - crowded with Rākṣasas, full of demons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+ākula)

• rākṣasa – a Rākṣasa (demon), belonging to Rākṣasas
  noun (masculine)
• ākula – full of, crowded with, agitated, confused
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: ā

Note: Agrees with 'laṅkā'.

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana (the demon king) (Ravana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (the demon king of Lanka)

Note: Subject of 'dṛṣṭaḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses.

मया (mayā) - by me (Hanuman) (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Agent in passive construction.

दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, observed, perceived

past passive participle

From root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Main verb, agrees with 'rāvaṇaḥ'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Sita) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yusmad

yusmad - you (singular/plural)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'were seen'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses.

शोकनिपीडिता (śokanipīḍitā) - afflicted by sorrow (afflicted by sorrow, tormented by grief)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śokanipīḍita

śokanipīḍita - afflicted by sorrow, tormented by grief

past passive participle

Compound of śoka (sorrow) and nipīḍita (afflicted, tormented, past passive participle of nipīḍ, from pīḍ 'to press' with ni-)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+nipīḍita)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• nipīḍita – afflicted, tormented, oppressed, crushed
  participle (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From root pīḍ (to oppress, torment) with prefix ni-
  Prefix: ni
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'tvam'.

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