वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-33, verse-23

ऋश्यमूकस्य पृष्ठे तु बहुपादपसंकुले ।
भ्रातुर्भार्यार्तमासीनं सुग्रीवं प्रियदर्शनम् ॥२३॥

23. ṛśyamūkasya pṛṣṭhe tu bahupādapasaṃkule ,
bhrāturbhāryārtamāsīnaṃ sugrīvaṃ priyadarśanam.

23. ṛśyamūkasya pṛṣṭhe tu bahupādapasaṃkule bhrātuḥ
bhāryārtam āsīnam sugrīvam priyadarśanam

23. tu bahupādapasaṃkule ṛśyamūkasya pṛṣṭhe bhrātuḥ
bhāryārtam priyadarśanam sugrīvam āsīnam

23. On the tree-dense summit of R̥ṣyamūka mountain, they saw Sugriva, of pleasing appearance, seated and distressed because of his brother's wife.

Words meanings summery:

• ऋश्यमूकस्य (ṛśyamūkasya) - of R̥ṣyamūka (a mountain)

• पृष्ठे (pṛṣṭhe) - on the back, on the summit, on the surface

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• बहुपादपसंकुले (bahupādapasaṁkule) - dense with many trees, crowded with many plants

• भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - of the brother

• भार्यार्तम् (bhāryārtam) - distressed by his wife, afflicted concerning his wife

• आसीनम् (āsīnam) - seated, sitting

• सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugriva (name of the monkey king)

• प्रियदर्शनम् (priyadarśanam) - of pleasing appearance, handsome

Words meanings and morphology

ऋश्यमूकस्य (ṛśyamūkasya) - of R̥ṣyamūka (a mountain)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ṛśyamūka

ṛśyamūka - name of a mountain (R̥ṣyamūka)

पृष्ठे (pṛṣṭhe) - on the back, on the summit, on the surface

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pṛṣṭha

pṛṣṭha - back, top, summit, surface

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

बहुपादपसंकुले (bahupādapasaṁkule) - dense with many trees, crowded with many plants

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of bahupādapasaṃkula

bahupādapasaṁkula - crowded/filled with many trees

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bahuvrīhi or karmadhāraya possible too, depending on precise breakdown) (bahu+pādapa+saṃkula)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective
• pādapa – tree (lit. 'drinking with roots')
  noun (masculine)
• saṃkula – crowded, filled, dense
  adjective
  Prefix: sam

भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - of the brother

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

भार्यार्तम् (bhāryārtam) - distressed by his wife, afflicted concerning his wife

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāryārta

bhāryārta - distressed by one's wife, wife-afflicted

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (bhāryā+ārta)

• bhāryā – wife
  noun (feminine)
• ārta – distressed, afflicted, pained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

आसीनम् (āsīnam) - seated, sitting

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āsīna

āsīna - seated, sitting

Past Active Participle (kānaś)

Root: ās (class 2)

सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugriva (name of the monkey king)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (lit. 'beautiful neck'), name of the monkey king

प्रियदर्शनम् (priyadarśanam) - of pleasing appearance, handsome

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of priyadarśana

priyadarśana - pleasing to the sight, handsome, beautiful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (priya+darśana)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing
  adjective
• darśana – sight, appearance, seeing
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

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