महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-35, verse-6

ते तु राज्ञा समादिष्टा भीमसेनजिघांसवः ।
अभ्यवर्तन्त संक्रुद्धाः पतंगा इव पावकम् ॥६॥

6. te tu rājñā samādiṣṭā bhīmasenajighāṁsavaḥ ,
abhyavartanta saṁkruddhāḥ pataṁgā iva pāvakam.

6. te tu rājñā samādiṣṭāḥ bhīmasenajighāṃsavaḥ
abhyavartanta saṃkruddhāḥ pataṅgāḥ iva pāvakam

6. tu te rājñā samādiṣṭāḥ bhīmasenajighāṃsavaḥ
saṃkruddhāḥ (santāḥ) pataṅgāḥ iva pāvakam abhyavartanta

6. But they, commanded by the King, desiring to kill Bhīmasena, angrily rushed forth like moths into a fire.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - Duryodhana's uterine brothers (they)

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by King Duryodhana (by the king)

• समादिष्टाः (samādiṣṭāḥ) - commanded, instructed, ordered

• भीमसेनजिघांसवः (bhīmasenajighāṁsavaḥ) - desiring to kill Bhīmasena, wishing to slay Bhīmasena

• अभ्यवर्तन्त (abhyavartanta) - they rushed towards, they approached

• संक्रुद्धाः (saṁkruddhāḥ) - enraged, very angry

• पतङ्गाः (pataṅgāḥ) - moths (attracted to fire) (moths, grasshoppers, birds)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• पावकम् (pāvakam) - fire

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - Duryodhana's uterine brothers (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the brothers.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by King Duryodhana (by the king)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Agent in passive construction with 'samādiṣṭāḥ'.

समादिष्टाः (samādiṣṭāḥ) - commanded, instructed, ordered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samādiṣṭa

samādiṣṭa - commanded, ordered, directed

Past Passive Participle

From sam + ā + diś (to command)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'te'.

भीमसेनजिघांसवः (bhīmasenajighāṁsavaḥ) - desiring to kill Bhīmasena, wishing to slay Bhīmasena

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhīmasenajighāṃsu

bhīmasenajighāṁsu - desirous of killing Bhīmasena

Desiderative Agent Noun

From jighāṃsā (desire to kill) referring to Bhīmasena, ultimately from root han

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhīmasena+jighāṃsu)

• bhīmasena – Bhīmasena
  proper noun (masculine)
• jighāṃsu – desirous of killing
  adjective (masculine)
  Desiderative Agent Noun
  From desiderative stem of root han
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'te'.

अभ्यवर्तन्त (abhyavartanta) - they rushed towards, they approached

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

Imperfect Middle Indicative

3rd person plural, ātmanepada, with abhi and ava

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: The prefix 'abhi' means towards, 'ava' means down/off, 'vṛt' means to turn/exist. Here, 'rushed towards' or 'advanced upon'.

संक्रुद्धाः (saṁkruddhāḥ) - enraged, very angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - enraged, highly angry

Past Passive Participle

From sam + krudh (to be angry)

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'te'.

पतङ्गाः (pataṅgāḥ) - moths (attracted to fire) (moths, grasshoppers, birds)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pataṅga

pataṅga - moth, grasshopper, bird; flying insect

Note: Part of the simile 'pataṅgā iva pāvakam'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for comparison.

पावकम् (pāvakam) - fire

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāvaka

pāvaka - fire; purifier; clean

Root: pū (class 1)

Note: Object of 'abhyavartanta' (they rushed towards the fire).