महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-35, verse-24

विरथो भरतश्रेष्ठः प्रहसन्ननिलोपमः ।
गदाहस्तो महाबाहुरपतत्स्यन्दनोत्तमात् ॥२४॥

24. viratho bharataśreṣṭhaḥ prahasannanilopamaḥ ,
gadāhasto mahābāhurapatatsyandanottamāt.

24. virathaḥ bharataśreṣṭhaḥ prahasan anilopamaḥ
gadāhastaḥ mahābāhuḥ apatat syandanottamāt

24. bharataśreṣṭhaḥ mahābāhuḥ anilopamaḥ prahasan
gadāhastaḥ virathaḥ syandanottamāt apatat

24. The best among the Bhāratas, the mighty-armed hero, swift as the wind, fell from his excellent chariot, mace in hand, even as he was smiling, having been rendered charioless.

Words meanings summery:

• विरथः (virathaḥ) - chariot-less, deprived of a chariot

• भरतश्रेष्ठः (bharataśreṣṭhaḥ) - best among the Bhāratas

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

• अनिलोपमः (anilopamaḥ) - like the wind, swift as the wind

• गदाहस्तः (gadāhastaḥ) - mace in hand, holding a mace

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed, great-armed

• अपतत् (apatat) - fell down, descended

• स्यन्दनोत्तमात् (syandanottamāt) - from the excellent chariot, from the best chariot

Words meanings and morphology

विरथः (virathaḥ) - chariot-less, deprived of a chariot

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viratha

viratha - chariot-less, deprived of a chariot

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+ratha)

• vi – apart, away, without
  indeclinable
  prefix for negation or separation
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

भरतश्रेष्ठः (bharataśreṣṭhaḥ) - best among the Bhāratas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharataśreṣṭha

bharataśreṣṭha - best among the Bhāratas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+śreṣṭha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata; a Bhārata
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative of praśasya (good)

Note: Used here as an epithet for Bhīma.

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasant

prahasant - laughing, smiling (one who laughs/smiles)

present active participle

Derived from root has (to laugh) with prefix pra, and the present active participle suffix śatṛ.

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the subject (Bhīma) implicitly.

अनिलोपमः (anilopamaḥ) - like the wind, swift as the wind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anilopama

anilopama - like the wind, swift as the wind, wind-like

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anila+upama)

• anila – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)
• upama – comparison, resemblance, similar, equal
  adjective (masculine)

गदाहस्तः (gadāhastaḥ) - mace in hand, holding a mace

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gadāhasta

gadāhasta - holding a mace, mace-bearer

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gadā+hasta)

• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
• hasta – hand
  noun (masculine)

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed, great-armed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, strong-armed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
  feminine form of mahat, used as a prefix
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

अपतत् (apatat) - fell down, descended

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

imperfect (laṅ)

3rd person singular, imperfect active of root pat.

Root: pat (class 1)

स्यन्दनोत्तमात् (syandanottamāt) - from the excellent chariot, from the best chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of syandanottama

syandanottama - best chariot, excellent chariot

Compound type : karmadhāraya (syandana+uttama)

• syandana – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'syand' (to move quickly), hence 'a moving vehicle'.
  Root: syand (class 1)
• uttama – best, highest, excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative degree of 'ud' (up, high)