महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-35, verse-57

यस्य यद्धि रणे न्यङ्गं पितृतो मातृतोऽपि वा ।
कर्मतः शीलतो वापि स तच्छ्रावयते युधि ॥५७॥

57. yasya yaddhi raṇe nyaṅgaṁ pitṛto mātṛto'pi vā ,
karmataḥ śīlato vāpi sa tacchrāvayate yudhi.

57. yasya yat hi raṇe nyaṅgam pitṛtaḥ mātṛtaḥ api vā
karmataḥ śīlataḥ vā api sa tat śrāvayate yudhi

57. sa hi yasya raṇe nyaṅgam pitṛtaḥ mātṛtaḥ api
vā karmataḥ śīlataḥ vā api tat yudhi śrāvayate

57. Whatever blemish or deficiency a warrior might have in battle, whether inherited from their father's or mother's side, or stemming from their past actions (karma) or character, that is what they indeed proclaim loudly in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

• यत् (yat) - whatever, which

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• न्यङ्गम् (nyaṅgam) - blemish, defect, deficiency

• पितृतः (pitṛtaḥ) - from the father, from the father's side

• मातृतः (mātṛtaḥ) - from the mother, from the mother's side

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• वा (vā) - or

• कर्मतः (karmataḥ) - due to action (karma), by means of karma, by destiny

• शीलतः (śīlataḥ) - due to character, by conduct

• वा (vā) - or

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• स (sa) - he

• तत् (tat) - that (defect)

• श्रावयते (śrāvayate) - causes to be heard, makes known, proclaims

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle

Words meanings and morphology

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

यत् (yat) - whatever, which

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

न्यङ्गम् (nyaṅgam) - blemish, defect, deficiency

(noun)

neuter, singular of nyaṅga

nyaṅga - defect, blemish, deficiency, disgrace

पितृतः (pitṛtaḥ) - from the father, from the father's side

(indeclinable)

ablative suffix -tas added to root noun pitṛ

Note: Formed with the suffix -tas, which often indicates 'from' or 'by way of' and renders the word indeclinable.

मातृतः (mātṛtaḥ) - from the mother, from the mother's side

(indeclinable)

ablative suffix -tas added to root noun mātṛ

Note: Formed with the suffix -tas, which often indicates 'from' or 'by way of' and renders the word indeclinable.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

कर्मतः (karmataḥ) - due to action (karma), by means of karma, by destiny

(indeclinable)

ablative suffix -tas added to karman

Root: √kṛ (class 8)

Note: Formed with the suffix -tas, which often indicates 'from' or 'by way of' and renders the word indeclinable.

शीलतः (śīlataḥ) - due to character, by conduct

(indeclinable)

ablative suffix -tas added to śīla

Note: Formed with the suffix -tas, which often indicates 'from' or 'by way of' and renders the word indeclinable.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

स (sa) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

तत् (tat) - that (defect)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it (demonstrative pronoun)

श्रावयते (śrāvayate) - causes to be heard, makes known, proclaims

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of √śru

Causative Middle (Ātmanepada) Present

Causative stem (śrāvaya) from √śru, middle voice, present tense

Root: √śru (class 5)

युधि (yudhi) - in battle

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war