महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-35, verse-1

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
सुदुष्करमिदं कर्म कृतं भीमेन संजय ।
येन कर्णो महाबाहू रथोपस्थे निपातितः ॥१॥

1. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
suduṣkaramidaṁ karma kṛtaṁ bhīmena saṁjaya ,
yena karṇo mahābāhū rathopasthe nipātitaḥ.

1. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca suduṣkaram idam karma kṛtam bhīmena
sañjaya yena karṇaḥ mahābāhuḥ rathopasthe nipātitaḥ

1. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca sañjaya,
idam suduṣkaram karma bhīmena kṛtam,
yena mahābāhuḥ karṇaḥ rathopasthe nipātitaḥ.

1. Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: "O Sanjaya, this extremely difficult feat (karma) was accomplished by Bhīma, by whom the mighty-armed Karna was struck down from his chariot seat."

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (he spoke, he said)

• सुदुष्करम् (suduṣkaram) - extremely difficult (very difficult, exceedingly hard to do)

• इदम् (idam) - this (this, here)

• कर्म (karma) - feat (karma) (action, deed, ritual, result of action, destiny (karma))

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - accomplished (done, made, performed)

• भीमेन (bhīmena) - by Bhīma

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - O Sanjaya (O Sanjaya (proper name))

• येन (yena) - by whom (Bhīma) (by whom, by which)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (Karna (proper name))

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed (mighty-armed, great-armed)

• रथोपस्थे (rathopasthe) - from his chariot seat (on the chariot-seat, in the chariot's vicinity)

• निपातितः (nipātitaḥ) - struck down (struck down, felled, thrown down)

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of a king)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect tense

Perfect 3rd singular active of √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

सुदुष्करम् (suduṣkaram) - extremely difficult (very difficult, exceedingly hard to do)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sudurṣkara

sudurṣkara - very difficult to do, extremely hard

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+dur+kara)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• dus – bad, hard, difficult
  indeclinable
• kara – doing, making, causing
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun/Adjective from √kṛ
  Suffix -a to √kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Adjective modifying `karma`.

इदम् (idam) - this (this, here)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Demonstrative pronoun modifying `karma`.

कर्म (karma) - feat (karma) (action, deed, ritual, result of action, destiny (karma))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, ritual, destiny (karma)

From √kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - accomplished (done, made, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

From √kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifying `karma`.

भीमेन (bhīmena) - by Bhīma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (proper name), terrible, fearful

Note: Agent in a passive construction.

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - O Sanjaya (O Sanjaya (proper name))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer)

येन (yena) - by whom (Bhīma) (by whom, by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun referring to Bhīma.

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (Karna (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper name)

Note: Subject of the passive verb `nipātitaḥ`.

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed (mighty-armed, great-armed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, one with great arms

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet for Karna.

रथोपस्थे (rathopasthe) - from his chariot seat (on the chariot-seat, in the chariot's vicinity)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rathopastha

rathopastha - chariot-seat, upper part of a chariot

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+upastha)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• upastha – seat, lap, proximity
  noun (masculine)
  From upa- + √sthā
  Prefix: upa
  Root: sthā (class 1)

निपातितः (nipātitaḥ) - struck down (struck down, felled, thrown down)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nipātita

nipātita - struck down, felled, thrown down

Past Passive Participle (causative)

From ni- + √pat (to fall), causative

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle used as a finite verb.