महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-35, verse-51

ततः प्रववृते युद्धं मध्यं प्राप्ते दिवाकरे ।
यादृशं न कदाचिद्धि दृष्टपूर्वं न च श्रुतम् ॥५१॥

51. tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṁ madhyaṁ prāpte divākare ,
yādṛśaṁ na kadāciddhi dṛṣṭapūrvaṁ na ca śrutam.

51. tataḥ pravavṛte yuddham madhyam prāpte divā-kare
yādṛśam na kadācit hi dṛṣṭa-pūrvam na ca śrutam

51. tataḥ divā-kare madhyam prāpte yuddham pravavṛte,
yādṛśam hi na kadācit dṛṣṭa-pūrvam ca na śrutam

51. Then the battle commenced when the sun reached its midpoint (midday), a battle of such a kind that it had never before been seen or heard of.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, thereafter, from that)

• प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - commenced, began, ensued

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

• मध्यम् (madhyam) - its midpoint (referring to the sun's position) (middle, midpoint)

• प्राप्ते (prāpte) - when it reached (having reached, arrived at)

• दिवा-करे (divā-kare) - when the sun (was at) (in the sun, when the sun)

• यादृशम् (yādṛśam) - of such a kind (of what kind, such as, similar to)

• न (na) - not

• कदाचित् (kadācit) - ever before (ever, at any time)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• दृष्ट-पूर्वम् (dṛṣṭa-pūrvam) - seen before

• न (na) - not

• च (ca) - and, also

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - commenced, began, ensued

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of pravṛt

Perfect tense (Liṭ) 3rd person singular Ātmanepada of √vṛt with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

From root √yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

मध्यम् (madhyam) - its midpoint (referring to the sun's position) (middle, midpoint)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madhya

madhya - middle, central, intermediate; middle part, center

Note: Functions adverbially here, indicating 'to the middle'.

प्राप्ते (prāpte) - when it reached (having reached, arrived at)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, attained, arrived

Past Passive Participle

Formed from the root √āp (to obtain, reach) with the prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction with 'divā-kare'.

दिवा-करे (divā-kare) - when the sun (was at) (in the sun, when the sun)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of divā-kara

divā-kara - sun (lit. 'day-maker')

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (divā+kara)

• divā – by day, during the day
  indeclinable
• kara – maker, doer; hand; ray
  noun (masculine)
  From root √kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -a.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction with 'prāpte'.

यादृशम् (yādṛśam) - of such a kind (of what kind, such as, similar to)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yādṛśa

yādṛśa - of what sort, of what kind, such as

Note: Agrees with 'yuddham'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

कदाचित् (kadācit) - ever before (ever, at any time)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट-पूर्वम् (dṛṣṭa-pūrvam) - seen before

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dṛṣṭa-pūrva

dṛṣṭa-pūrva - seen before, previously seen

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dṛṣṭa+pūrva)

• dṛṣṭa – seen, observed, perceived
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √dṛś (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• pūrva – former, prior, previous, before
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'yuddham'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened, perceived by ear; sacred knowledge, Veda

Past Passive Participle

Formed from the root √śru (to hear).

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'yuddham'.