महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-35, verse-36

तान्प्रत्युद्गम्य यवनानश्वारोहान्वरारिहा ।
विचरन्विविधान्मार्गान्घातयामास पोथयन् ॥३६॥

36. tānpratyudgamya yavanānaśvārohānvarārihā ,
vicaranvividhānmārgānghātayāmāsa pothayan.

36. tān pratyudgamya yavanān aśvārohān varārihā
vicaran vividhān mārgān ghātayāmāsa pothayan

36. varārihā tān yavanān aśvārohān pratyudgamya
vividhān mārgān vicaran pothayan ghātayāmāsa

36. The slayer of formidable enemies went forth to meet those Yavana horsemen, and moving about on various paths, he crushed and slew them.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - those (Yavana horsemen) (them, those)

• प्रत्युद्गम्य (pratyudgamya) - having gone to meet, having confronted

• यवनान् (yavanān) - Yavanas, Greeks, foreigners

• अश्वारोहान् (aśvārohān) - horsemen, cavalry

• वरारिहा (varārihā) - The hero performing the action (e.g., Bhīma). (slayer of excellent enemies, slayer of formidable foes)

• विचरन् (vicaran) - roaming, moving about, wandering

• विविधान् (vividhān) - various, diverse

• मार्गान् (mārgān) - paths, routes, ways

• घातयामास (ghātayāmāsa) - he caused to be killed, he slew

• पोथयन् (pothayan) - crushing, pulverizing, striking down

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - those (Yavana horsemen) (them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the Yavanas.

प्रत्युद्गम्य (pratyudgamya) - having gone to meet, having confronted

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root gam (1st class) with upasargas prati and ud, forming a gerund with the suffix -ya.

Prefixes: prati+ud

Root: gam (class 1)

यवनान् (yavanān) - Yavanas, Greeks, foreigners

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yavana

yavana - a Greek, a foreigner, a Yavana

Note: Refers to the Yavana warriors.

अश्वारोहान् (aśvārohān) - horsemen, cavalry

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśvāroha

aśvāroha - a horse-rider, cavalryman

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aśva+āroha)

• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• āroha – riding, mounting, ascent
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root ruh (1st class) with upasarga ā, suffix ghañ.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Refers to the horsemen of the Yavanas.

वरारिहा (varārihā) - The hero performing the action (e.g., Bhīma). (slayer of excellent enemies, slayer of formidable foes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of varārihan

varārihan - slayer of excellent/formidable enemies

Nom. Sing. Masc. of varārihan.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vara+ari+han)

• vara – excellent, best, formidable
  adjective
• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• han – slaying, killer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root han 'to kill'.
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: An epithet for the hero, subject of the sentence.

विचरन् (vicaran) - roaming, moving about, wandering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicarat

car - to move, to wander

present active participle

Derived from root car (1st class) with upasarga vi. Present active participle, masculine nominative singular.

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the subject, varārihā.

विविधान् (vividhān) - various, diverse

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, diverse, manifold

Note: Qualifies mārgān.

मार्गान् (mārgān) - paths, routes, ways

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mārga

mārga - path, road, way

घातयामास (ghātayāmāsa) - he caused to be killed, he slew

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ghātayāmāsa

periphrastic perfect (causative)

Periphrastic perfect form of the causative of root han (ghātayati). The auxiliary root 'as' (to be) is also used.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: The subject is varārihā.

पोथयन् (pothayan) - crushing, pulverizing, striking down

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pothayat

puth - to crush, strike, pulverize

present active participle (causative)

Derived from the causative stem of root puth (pothayati). Present active participle, masculine nominative singular.

Root: puth (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the subject, varārihā. Describes the manner of slaying.