महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-35, verse-4

संजय उवाच ।
विभ्रान्तं प्रेक्ष्य राधेयं सूतपुत्रं महाहवे ।
महत्या सेनया राजन्सोदर्यान्समभाषत ॥४॥

4. saṁjaya uvāca ,
vibhrāntaṁ prekṣya rādheyaṁ sūtaputraṁ mahāhave ,
mahatyā senayā rājansodaryānsamabhāṣata.

4. sañjaya uvāca vibhrāntam prekṣya rādheyam sūtaputram
mahāhave mahatyā senayā rājan sodaryān samabhāṣata

4. sañjaya uvāca rājan mahāhave vibhrāntam sūtaputram rādheyam
prekṣya (Duryodhanaḥ) mahatyā senayā sodaryān samabhāṣata

4. Sañjaya said: "O King, observing Rādhā's son, the son of the charioteer (Karna), bewildered in the great battle, (Duryodhana) addressed his uterine brothers, accompanied by a vast army."

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - the charioteer of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, narrator of the Mahābhārata (Sañjaya)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• विभ्रान्तम् (vibhrāntam) - Karna being bewildered (bewildered, agitated, confused)

• प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen, after seeing, observing

• राधेयम् (rādheyam) - Karna (son of Rādhā)

• सूतपुत्रम् (sūtaputram) - Karna, adopted son of Adhiratha (a charioteer) (son of a charioteer)

• महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle of Kurukṣetra (in a great battle, in a great war)

• महत्या (mahatyā) - with a large army (great, large)

• सेनया (senayā) - with a large army (by the army, with the army)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

• सोदर्यान् (sodaryān) - Duryodhana's full brothers (uterine brothers, born from the same womb)

• समभाषत (samabhāṣata) - (Duryodhana) addressed his brothers (addressed, spoke to)

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - the charioteer of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, narrator of the Mahābhārata (Sañjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya, victor

Prefix: sam

Root: ji (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative

3rd person singular, parasmaipada

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: From root 'vac' (to speak).

विभ्रान्तम् (vibhrāntam) - Karna being bewildered (bewildered, agitated, confused)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vibhrānta

vibhrānta - bewildered, agitated, confused, strayed

Past Passive Participle

From vi + bhrām (to wander)

Prefix: vi

Root: bhrām (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rādheyam' and 'sūtaputram'.

प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen, after seeing, observing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From pra + īkṣ (to see)

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

राधेयम् (rādheyam) - Karna (son of Rādhā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rādheya

rādheya - son of Rādhā

Apātya derivation from Rādhā

Note: Refers to Karna.

सूतपुत्रम् (sūtaputram) - Karna, adopted son of Adhiratha (a charioteer) (son of a charioteer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūtaputra

sūtaputra - son of a charioteer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūta+putra)

• sūta – charioteer
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Karna.

महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle of Kurukṣetra (in a great battle, in a great war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāhava

mahāhava - great battle, great war

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+hava)

• mahā – great
  adjective
• hava – battle, war, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hu (class 3)

महत्या (mahatyā) - with a large army (great, large)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, mighty

Note: Feminine instrumental singular, agreeing with 'senayā'.

सेनया (senayā) - with a large army (by the army, with the army)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, troop

राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra by Sañjaya.

सोदर्यान् (sodaryān) - Duryodhana's full brothers (uterine brothers, born from the same womb)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sodarya

sodarya - uterine brother, born of the same womb

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+udara)

• sa – with, together
  indeclinable
• udara – womb, belly
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'samabhāṣata'.

समभाषत (samabhāṣata) - (Duryodhana) addressed his brothers (addressed, spoke to)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Imperfect Middle Indicative

3rd person singular, ātmanepada, with sam

Prefix: sam

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Root 'bhāṣ' (to speak). The 'a' prefix indicates imperfect tense.