महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-35, verse-31

प्रताप्यमानं सूर्येण भीमेन च महात्मना ।
तव सैन्यं संचुकोच चर्म वह्निगतं यथा ॥३१॥

31. pratāpyamānaṁ sūryeṇa bhīmena ca mahātmanā ,
tava sainyaṁ saṁcukoca carma vahnigataṁ yathā.

31. pratāpyamānam sūryēṇa bhīmēna ca mahātmanā
tava sainyam saṃcukōca carma vahnigatam yathā

31. sūryēṇa ca mahātmanā bhīmēna pratāpyamānam
tava sainyam vahnigatam carma yathā saṃcukōca

31. Your army, being tormented by the sun and by the great-souled Bhīma, shriveled up like leather thrown into fire.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रताप्यमानम् (pratāpyamānam) - being tormented, being scorched, being afflicted

• सूर्येण (sūryēṇa) - by the sun

• भीमेन (bhīmēna) - by Bhīma

• च (ca) - and, also

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - (by) the great-souled (Bhīma) (by the great-souled, by the noble)

• तव (tava) - (Duryodhana's) your (your (genitive))

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host, military

• संचुक्ओच (saṁcukōca) - it shrank, it contracted, it shriveled

• चर्म (carma) - skin, leather, hide

• वह्निगतम् (vahnigatam) - gone into fire, placed in fire

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

Words meanings and morphology

प्रताप्यमानम् (pratāpyamānam) - being tormented, being scorched, being afflicted

(nominal form)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pratāpyamāna

pratāpyamāna - being tormented, being scorched, being greatly heated

Present Passive Participle (Causative)

From causative of root 'tap' (to heat, suffer) with prefix 'pra' and passive participle suffix 'śānac'.

Prefix: pra

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Describes the state of the army.

सूर्येण (sūryēṇa) - by the sun

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun, sun-god

Note: Agent of 'pratāpyamānam'.

भीमेन (bhīmēna) - by Bhīma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (proper name), terrible, formidable

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Agent of 'pratāpyamānam'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - (by) the great-souled (Bhīma) (by the great-souled, by the noble)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnificent (ātman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'bhīmēna'.

तव (tava) - (Duryodhana's) your (your (genitive))

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive pronoun, referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (listener).

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host, military

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military

Derived from 'senā' (army).

Note: Subject of the main verb 'saṃcukōca'.

संचुक्ओच (saṁcukōca) - it shrank, it contracted, it shriveled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of kuc

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada, with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: kuc (class 6)

Note: Main verb describing the army's state.

चर्म (carma) - skin, leather, hide

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of carman

carman - skin, leather, hide

Note: Part of the simile, 'like skin'.

वह्निगतम् (vahnigatam) - gone into fire, placed in fire

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vahnigata

vahnigata - gone into fire, placed in fire

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vahni+gata)

• vahni – fire, flame
  noun (masculine)
• gata – gone, reached, entered
  verb (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'carma'.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle indicating comparison.