महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-169, verse-47

अवरुह्य रथात्तं तु ह्रियमाणं बलीयसा ।
उवाच श्लक्ष्णया वाचा सहदेवो विशां पते ॥४७॥

47. avaruhya rathāttaṁ tu hriyamāṇaṁ balīyasā ,
uvāca ślakṣṇayā vācā sahadevo viśāṁ pate.

47. avaruhya rathāt tam tu hriyamāṇam balīyasā
uvāca ślakṣṇayā vācā sahadevaḥ viśām pate

47. sahadevaḥ tu rathāt avaruhya,
balīyasā hriyamāṇam tam viśām pate ślakṣṇayā vācā uvāca

47. But Sahadeva, having descended from his chariot, spoke to him (Satyaki), who was being carried away by the stronger one (Bhīma), with a gentle voice, O lord of the people (viśām pate).

Words meanings summery:

• अवरुह्य (avaruhya) - having descended, having dismounted

• रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

• तम् (tam) - him (Satyaki) (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

• ह्रियमाणम् (hriyamāṇam) - being carried away (by Bhīma) (being carried, being led, being taken away)

• बलीयसा (balīyasā) - by the stronger one (Bhīma) (by the stronger, by the more powerful)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

• श्लक्ष्णया (ślakṣṇayā) - with gentle, with smooth, with soft

• वाचा (vācā) - with speech, with voice, by word

• सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva (proper name)

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects, of the clans

• पते (pate) - O lord (addressing Satyaki respectfully) (O lord, O master, O protector)

Words meanings and morphology

अवरुह्य (avaruhya) - having descended, having dismounted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (LyaP)

Absolutive form from the root 'ruh' with prefix 'ava'.

Prefix: ava

Root: ruh (class 1)

रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

तम् (tam) - him (Satyaki) (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

ह्रियमाणम् (hriyamāṇam) - being carried away (by Bhīma) (being carried, being led, being taken away)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hriyamāṇa

hriyamāṇa - being carried, being led, being stolen

Present Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'hṛ' (to carry, take) with the present passive participle suffix 'śānac'.

Root: hṛ (class 1)

बलीयसा (balīyasā) - by the stronger one (Bhīma) (by the stronger, by the more powerful)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of balīyas

balīyas - stronger, more powerful (comparative of balin)

Comparative form derived from 'bala' or 'balin' with the suffix '-īyas'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of vac

Perfect Tense (Lit Lakara)

Third person singular, perfect active.

Root: vac (class 2)

श्लक्ष्णया (ślakṣṇayā) - with gentle, with smooth, with soft

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ślakṣṇa

ślakṣṇa - smooth, soft, gentle, delicate

वाचा (vācā) - with speech, with voice, by word

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, voice, word

सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahadeva

sahadeva - Sahadeva (the youngest of the Pāṇḍava brothers)

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects, of the clans

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, clan, community

पते (pate) - O lord (addressing Satyaki respectfully) (O lord, O master, O protector)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, protector