महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-169, verse-28

त्वया पुनरनार्येण पूर्वं पार्थेन निर्जितः ।
यदा तदा हतः शूरः सौमदत्तिः प्रतापवान् ॥२८॥

28. tvayā punaranāryeṇa pūrvaṁ pārthena nirjitaḥ ,
yadā tadā hataḥ śūraḥ saumadattiḥ pratāpavān.

28. tvayā punar anāryeṇa pūrvam pārthena nirjitaḥ
yadā tadā hataḥ śūraḥ saumadattiḥ pratāpavān

28. punar anāryeṇa tvayā pārthena pūrvam nirjitaḥ śūraḥ
pratāpavān saumadattiḥ yadā (āsīt) tadā hataḥ (abhavat)

28. But when the heroic and glorious son of Somadatta (Saumadatti), who had previously been defeated by you, the ignoble (anārya) Partha, (was in that state), then he was killed.

Words meanings summery:

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Arjuna) (by you)

• पुनर् (punar) - again, but, moreover

• अनार्येण (anāryeṇa) - by the ignoble (anārya) one, referring to Arjuna (by the ignoble, by the uncivilized)

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, formerly

• पार्थेन (pārthena) - by Partha (Arjuna) (by Partha)

• निर्जितः (nirjitaḥ) - conquered, defeated

• यदा (yadā) - when

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain

• शूरः (śūraḥ) - heroic, brave warrior

• सौमदत्तिः (saumadattiḥ) - son of Somadatta (Saumadatti), referring to Bhūriśravas (son of Somadatta)

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - glorious, powerful, majestic

Words meanings and morphology

त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Arjuna) (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of tvam

tvam - you

Second person pronoun.

Note: Addressed to Arjuna.

पुनर् (punar) - again, but, moreover

(indeclinable)

Adverbial particle.

अनार्येण (anāryeṇa) - by the ignoble (anārya) one, referring to Arjuna (by the ignoble, by the uncivilized)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of anārya

anārya - ignoble, uncivilized, not Aryan, uncultured

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of a (not) and ārya (noble).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ārya)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• ārya – noble, honorable, civilized, Aryan
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with tvayā and pārthena.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, formerly

(indeclinable)

Functions adverbially here.

Note: Modifies nirjitaḥ.

पार्थेन (pārthena) - by Partha (Arjuna) (by Partha)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kunti), Arjuna

Patronymic from Pṛthā.

Note: Agent of nirjitaḥ.

निर्जितः (nirjitaḥ) - conquered, defeated

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirjita

nirjita - conquered, defeated, overcome

Past Passive Participle

From root √ji (to conquer) with upasarga nir.

Prefix: nir

Root: √ji (class 1)

Note: Qualifies saumadattiḥ.

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time, correlative of yadā.

हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck down

Past Passive Participle

From root √han (to strike, kill).

Root: √han (class 2)

Note: Null for person if it's a participle.

शूरः (śūraḥ) - heroic, brave warrior

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - heroic, brave, warrior, hero

Note: Qualifies saumadattiḥ.

सौमदत्तिः (saumadattiḥ) - son of Somadatta (Saumadatti), referring to Bhūriśravas (son of Somadatta)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saumadatti

saumadatti - son of Somadatta (a proper noun, referring to Bhūriśravas)

Patronymic.

Note: Subject of hataḥ. Refers to Bhūriśravas.

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - glorious, powerful, majestic

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - glorious, powerful, majestic, possessing valor/splendor

From pratāpa (glory, valor) + matup suffix.

Note: Qualifies saumadattiḥ.