महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-75, verse-49

दुष्कर्णं निहतं दृष्ट्वा पञ्च राजन्महारथाः ।
जिघांसन्तः शतानीकं सर्वतः पर्यवारयन् ॥४९॥

49. duṣkarṇaṁ nihataṁ dṛṣṭvā pañca rājanmahārathāḥ ,
jighāṁsantaḥ śatānīkaṁ sarvataḥ paryavārayan.

49. duṣkarṇam nihatam dṛṣṭvā pañca rājan mahārathāḥ
jighāṁsantaḥ śatānīkam sarvataḥ paryavārayan

49. rājan duṣkarṇam nihatam dṛṣṭvā pañca mahārathāḥ
śatānīkam jighāṁsantaḥ sarvataḥ paryavārayan

49. O King, when they saw Duṣkarṇa killed, five great charioteers, intent on slaying Śatānīka, surrounded him from all sides.

Words meanings summery:

• दुष्कर्णम् (duṣkarṇam) - Duṣkarṇa (name of a warrior)

• निहतम् (nihatam) - killed, slain, destroyed

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers, great warriors

• जिघांसन्तः (jighāṁsantaḥ) - desiring to kill, wishing to slay

• शतानीकम् (śatānīkam) - Śatānīka (name of a warrior)

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, all around, everywhere

• पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - surrounded, besieged, encompassed

Words meanings and morphology

दुष्कर्णम् (duṣkarṇam) - Duṣkarṇa (name of a warrior)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duṣkarṇa

duṣkarṇa - Duṣkarṇa (proper name)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dus+karṇa)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'badness' or 'difficulty'.
• karṇa – ear
  noun (masculine)

निहतम् (nihatam) - killed, slain, destroyed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, slain, struck down

Past Passive Participle

From root han (to strike, kill) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed with suffix tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Introduces a subordinate clause indicating a preceding action.

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(numeral)

Note: Numeral adjective.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root rāj (to rule).

Root: rāj

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers, great warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, mighty warrior (one who can fight 10,000 warriors)

Karmadhāraya compound: mahā (great) + ratha (chariot/warrior).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (often implying a charioteer/fighter)
  noun (masculine)

जिघांसन्तः (jighāṁsantaḥ) - desiring to kill, wishing to slay

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jighāṁsat

jighāṁsat - desiring to kill, intent on slaying

Desiderative Present Active Participle

Desiderative stem of root han (to kill) + present participle suffix śatṛ.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Expresses the intention of the great charioteers.

शतानीकम् (śatānīkam) - Śatānīka (name of a warrior)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śatānīka

śatānīka - Śatānīka (proper name, lit. "having a hundred armies")

Compound of śata (hundred) + anīka (army).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śata+anīka)

• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)
• anīka – army, host, troop
  noun (neuter)

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, all around, everywhere

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from sarva (all) with suffix tas.

पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - surrounded, besieged, encompassed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of paryāvṛ

Imperfect Active

From root vṛ (to cover, encompass) with prefixes pari- and ā-. 3rd person plural.

Prefixes: pari+ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)