महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-75, verse-32

अभियात्वा तथैवाशु रथस्थान्सूर्यवर्चसः ।
अविध्यन्समरेऽन्योन्यं संरब्धा युद्धदुर्मदाः ॥३२॥

32. abhiyātvā tathaivāśu rathasthānsūryavarcasaḥ ,
avidhyansamare'nyonyaṁ saṁrabdhā yuddhadurmadāḥ.

32. abhiyātvā tathā eva āśu rathasthān sūryavarcasaḥ
avidhyan samare anyonyam saṃrabdhāḥ yuddhadurmadāḥ

32. tathā eva āśu abhiyātvā,
rathasthān sūryavarcasaḥ saṃrabdhāḥ yuddhadurmadāḥ samare anyonyam avidhyan

32. Having quickly approached those standing on chariots, the warriors, radiant as the sun, enraged, and maddened by battle, similarly struck each other in combat.

Words meanings summery:

• अभियात्वा (abhiyātvā) - having approached, having attacked

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, similarly

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

• रथस्थान् (rathasthān) - the warriors on the opposing chariots (those standing on chariots, chariot-dwellers)

• सूर्यवर्चसः (sūryavarcasaḥ) - radiant as the sun, having the splendor of the sun

• अविध्यन् (avidhyan) - they pierced, they struck

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

• संरब्धाः (saṁrabdhāḥ) - enraged, furious

• युद्धदुर्मदाः (yuddhadurmadāḥ) - maddened by battle, intoxicated with war

Words meanings and morphology

अभियात्वा (abhiyātvā) - having approached, having attacked

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root yā with prefix abhi and suffix tvā.

Prefix: abhi

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Describes the action of the subject of avidhyan.

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, similarly

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial usage here.

Note: Adverb modifying abhiyātvā.

रथस्थान् (rathasthān) - the warriors on the opposing chariots (those standing on chariots, chariot-dwellers)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rathastha

rathastha - standing in a chariot, a charioteer

Compound ratha + stha (from sthā to stand).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+stha)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Nominal derivative from root sthā.
  kṛt suffix khaś (a).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Object of the implied action of abhiyātvā.

सूर्यवर्चसः (sūryavarcasaḥ) - radiant as the sun, having the splendor of the sun

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sūryavarcas

sūryavarcas - sun-splendor, having the splendor of the sun

Bahuvrihi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sūrya+varcas)

• sūrya – sun, sun god
  noun (masculine)
• varcas – splendor, luster, energy
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (warriors).

अविध्यन् (avidhyan) - they pierced, they struck

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyadh

Imperfect (Laṅ)

3rd person plural, active voice. Root vyadh (4th class). a augment for imperfect.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, combat

Note: Locative of place.

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anyonya

anyonya - each other, mutual

Used adverbially here.

Note: Reciprocal object.

संरब्धाः (saṁrabdhāḥ) - enraged, furious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃrabdha

saṁrabdha - enraged, furious, agitated, excited

Past Passive Participle

From root rabh with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Describes the warriors who struck each other.

युद्धदुर्मदाः (yuddhadurmadāḥ) - maddened by battle, intoxicated with war

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yuddhadurmada

yuddhadurmada - intoxicated by battle, maddened by war

Compound yuddha + durmada.

Compound type : tatpurusha (yuddha+durmada)

• yuddha – battle, fight, war
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yudh with kta suffix.
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• durmada – arrogant, haughty, mad, intoxicated
  adjective (masculine)
  From dur (bad/difficult) + mada (intoxication/pride).
  Prefix: dur
  Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Describes the warriors who struck each other.