महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-75, verse-37

तं दृष्ट्वा विरथं तत्र सुतसोमो महाबलः ।
पश्यतां सर्वसैन्यानां रथमारोपयत्स्वकम् ॥३७॥

37. taṁ dṛṣṭvā virathaṁ tatra sutasomo mahābalaḥ ,
paśyatāṁ sarvasainyānāṁ rathamāropayatsvakam.

37. tam dṛṣṭvā viratham tatra sutasomaḥ mahābalaḥ
paśyatām sarvasainyānām ratham āropayat svakam

37. tatra viratham tam dṛṣṭvā mahābalaḥ sutasomaḥ
sarvasainyānām paśyatām svakam ratham āropayat

37. Seeing him (Durmukha) there, deprived of his chariot, the mighty Sutasoma, while all the armies watched, took him up onto his own chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Durmukha (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (Durmukha) (having seen, having perceived)

• विरथम् (viratham) - chariot-less (Durmukha) (chariot-less, deprived of a chariot)

• तत्र (tatra) - at that location (on the battlefield) (there, in that place)

• सुतसोमः (sutasomaḥ) - The warrior Sutasoma (Sutasoma (proper name))

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - the mighty (Sutasoma) (mighty, very strong)

• पश्यताम् (paśyatām) - while all the armies were seeing (of those seeing, while seeing)

• सर्वसैन्यानाम् (sarvasainyānām) - of all the assembled armies (of all the armies)

• रथम् (ratham) - (his own) chariot (chariot)

• आरोपयत् (āropayat) - Sutasoma took (Durmukha) up (onto his chariot) (he made to ascend, he took up)

• स्वकम् (svakam) - his own (chariot) (his own)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Durmukha (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Direct object of `dṛṣṭvā`.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (Durmukha) (having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root dṛś (to see), suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

विरथम् (viratham) - chariot-less (Durmukha) (chariot-less, deprived of a chariot)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viratha

viratha - chariot-less, deprived of a chariot

compound of vi (without) and ratha (chariot)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+ratha)

• vi – without, apart, away
  indeclinable
  prefix
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram

Note: Qualifies `tam`.

तत्र (tatra) - at that location (on the battlefield) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

derived from tad (that)

सुतसोमः (sutasomaḥ) - The warrior Sutasoma (Sutasoma (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sutasoma

sutasoma - Sutasoma (a son of Bhīma), having pressed soma

compound of suta (pressed) and soma (soma plant/juice)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (suta+soma)

• suta – pressed, extracted
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root su (to press)
  Root: su (class 5)
• soma – Soma (plant, juice, moon god)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of `āropayat`.

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - the mighty (Sutasoma) (mighty, very strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - mighty, very strong, of great strength

compound of mahā (great) and bala (strength)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bal (class 10)

Note: Qualifies `sutasomaḥ`.

पश्यताम् (paśyatām) - while all the armies were seeing (of those seeing, while seeing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, observing

Present Active Participle

from root dṛś (to see), stem paśya-

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सर्वसैन्यानाम् (sarvasainyānām) - of all the assembled armies (of all the armies)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sarvasainya

sarvasainya - all armies, all troops

compound of sarva (all) and sainya (army)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+sainya)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun/adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• sainya – army, host of soldiers
  noun (neuter)
  derived from senā (army)

रथम् (ratham) - (his own) chariot (chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ram

Note: Direct object of `āropayat`.

आरोपयत् (āropayat) - Sutasoma took (Durmukha) up (onto his chariot) (he made to ascend, he took up)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of ruh

Causative Imperfect Tense (laṅ)

Causative stem ropay- from root ruh (to ascend) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Subject is `sutasomaḥ`.

स्वकम् (svakam) - his own (chariot) (his own)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svaka

svaka - own, one's own, peculiar

derived from sva (self, own)