महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-122, verse-9

धर्मार्थयुक्ता लोकेऽस्मिन्प्रवृत्तिर्लक्ष्यते सताम् ।
असतां विपरीता तु लक्ष्यते भरतर्षभ ॥९॥

9. dharmārthayuktā loke'sminpravṛttirlakṣyate satām ,
asatāṁ viparītā tu lakṣyate bharatarṣabha.

9. dharmārthayuktā loke asmin pravṛttiḥ lakṣyate
satām asatām viparītā tu lakṣyate bharatarṣabha

9. O best of Bharatas, in this world, the conduct of good people is observed to be aligned with natural law (dharma) and purpose. However, the conduct of the unrighteous is seen to be the opposite.

Words meanings summery:

• धर्मार्थयुक्ता (dharmārthayuktā) - pertaining to conduct aligned with natural law and life's purpose (endowed with dharma and artha; characterized by righteousness and prosperity/purpose)

• लोके (loke) - in this mundane existence (in the world, in the realm)

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• प्रवृत्तिः (pravṛttiḥ) - the mode of action or behavior (activity, engagement, conduct, tendency)

• लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is observed, is perceived, is marked

• सताम् (satām) - of good people, of the virtuous

• असताम् (asatām) - of bad people, of the unrighteous

• विपरीता (viparītā) - the reverse type of conduct (opposite, contrary, inverted)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is observed, is perceived, is marked

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressing Arjuna (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

Words meanings and morphology

धर्मार्थयुक्ता (dharmārthayuktā) - pertaining to conduct aligned with natural law and life's purpose (endowed with dharma and artha; characterized by righteousness and prosperity/purpose)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dharmārthayukta

dharmārthayukta - endowed with dharma and artha

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+artha+yukta)

• dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, object, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)
• yukta – joined, endowed, engaged
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root yuj with suffix kta
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: The compound dharma-artha is a dvandva, and yukta is an adjective describing pravṛtti.

लोके (loke) - in this mundane existence (in the world, in the realm)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

प्रवृत्तिः (pravṛttiḥ) - the mode of action or behavior (activity, engagement, conduct, tendency)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pravṛtti

pravṛtti - activity, engagement, conduct

Derived from root vṛt with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is observed, is perceived, is marked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of lakṣ

Present

Passive voice, Atmanepada

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

सताम् (satām) - of good people, of the virtuous

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - good, virtuous, existing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root as 'to be'

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used as a noun here, referring to 'good people'.

असताम् (asatām) - of bad people, of the unrighteous

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of asat

asat - bad, unrighteous, non-existent

Formed by negation (a-) of sat

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+sat)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix
• sat – good, virtuous
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from root as 'to be'
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used as a noun here, referring to 'bad people'.

विपरीता (viparītā) - the reverse type of conduct (opposite, contrary, inverted)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of viparīta

viparīta - opposite, contrary

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root i with prefixes vi and pari

Prefixes: vi+pari

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Refers to pravṛtti.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is observed, is perceived, is marked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of lakṣ

Present

Passive voice, Atmanepada

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressing Arjuna (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata (name of a dynasty/people)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, preeminent
  noun (masculine)