महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-122, verse-2

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवमुक्त्वा ततः कृष्णमभ्यभाषत भारत ।
स्वर्ग्यं लोक्यं च मामात्थ धर्म्यं न्याय्यं च केशव ॥२॥

2. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evamuktvā tataḥ kṛṣṇamabhyabhāṣata bhārata ,
svargyaṁ lokyaṁ ca māmāttha dharmyaṁ nyāyyaṁ ca keśava.

2. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca evam uktvā tataḥ kṛṣṇam abhyabhāṣata
bhārata svargyam lokyam ca mām āttha dharmyam nyāyyam ca keśava

2. Vaishampayana said: "Having spoken thus, O Bhārata (Janamejaya), he (Dhritarashtra) then addressed Krishna, saying: 'O Keshava, you have spoken to me of what is conducive to heavenly rewards, beneficial to the world, in accordance with natural law (dharma), and just.'"

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The narrator of the Mahabharata to Janamejaya (Vaishampayana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - Vaishampayana said (said, spoke)

• एवम् (evam) - Referring to Dhritarashtra's preceding words (thus, in this manner, so)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - Dhritarashtra having spoken (having said, having spoken)

• ततः (tataḥ) - Indicating sequence of action (then, thence, afterwards)

• कृष्णम् (kṛṣṇam) - Dhritarashtra addressed Krishna (Krishna)

• अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - Dhritarashtra addressed Krishna (he addressed, spoke to)

• भारत (bhārata) - Vaishampayana addressing Janamejaya (a king from the Bharata dynasty) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

• स्वर्ग्यम् (svargyam) - Describing Krishna's words as beneficial for heavenly rewards (leading to heaven, celestial, heavenly)

• लोक्यम् (lokyam) - Describing Krishna's words as beneficial for earthly well-being (worldly, beneficial to people/the world)

• च (ca) - Connecting 'svargyam' and 'lokyam' (and, also)

• माम् (mām) - Dhritarashtra is the object of 'you spoke' (me)

• आत्थ (āttha) - Krishna has spoken to Dhritarashtra (you said, you have spoken)

• धर्म्यम् (dharmyam) - Describing Krishna's words as conforming to natural law (dharma) (righteous, lawful, in accordance with natural law (dharma))

• न्याय्यम् (nyāyyam) - Describing Krishna's words as just (just, proper, equitable, right)

• च (ca) - Connecting 'dharmyam' and 'nyāyyam' (and, also)

• केशव (keśava) - Dhritarashtra addressing Krishna (O Keshava)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The narrator of the Mahabharata to Janamejaya (Vaishampayana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaishampayana (name of a sage, disciple of Vyasa)

उवाच (uvāca) - Vaishampayana said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active 3rd singular

From root vac (2nd class), perfect tense, reduplicated stem.

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - Referring to Dhritarashtra's preceding words (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial indeclinable.

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - Dhritarashtra having spoken (having said, having spoken)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root vac + ktvā suffix.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Acts as an indeclinable conjunction, 'having said'.

ततः (tataḥ) - Indicating sequence of action (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

Root: tad

कृष्णम् (kṛṣṇam) - Dhritarashtra addressed Krishna (Krishna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Krishna (name of a deity/person), dark, black

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'abhyabhāṣata'.

अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - Dhritarashtra addressed Krishna (he addressed, spoke to)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (luṅ) of abhibhāṣ

Imperfect middle 3rd singular

From root bhāṣ (1st class) with prefix abhi. Atmanepada verb.

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Derived from 'abhi' (towards) + 'bhāṣ' (to speak).

भारत (bhārata) - Vaishampayana addressing Janamejaya (a king from the Bharata dynasty) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, India

Patronymic derivation from Bharata.

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

स्वर्ग्यम् (svargyam) - Describing Krishna's words as beneficial for heavenly rewards (leading to heaven, celestial, heavenly)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svargya

svargya - heavenly, celestial, leading to heaven, conducive to heaven

From svarga + ya suffix.

लोक्यम् (lokyam) - Describing Krishna's words as beneficial for earthly well-being (worldly, beneficial to people/the world)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of lokya

lokya - relating to the world, worldly, beneficial to people, popular

From loka + ya suffix.

च (ca) - Connecting 'svargyam' and 'lokyam' (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

माम् (mām) - Dhritarashtra is the object of 'you spoke' (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun.

Note: Object of 'āttha'.

आत्थ (āttha) - Krishna has spoken to Dhritarashtra (you said, you have spoken)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ah

Perfect active 2nd singular

From root ah (irregular perfect).

Root: ah (class 2)

Note: The root 'ah' means 'to say' and only has forms in perfect and imperfect.

धर्म्यम् (dharmyam) - Describing Krishna's words as conforming to natural law (dharma) (righteous, lawful, in accordance with natural law (dharma))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dharmya

dharmya - righteous, virtuous, lawful, pertaining to (dharma), in accordance with (dharma)

From (dharma) + ya suffix.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

न्याय्यम् (nyāyyam) - Describing Krishna's words as just (just, proper, equitable, right)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nyāyya

nyāyya - just, right, proper, fit, equitable, reasonable

From nyāya + ya suffix.

Prefix: ni

Root: i (class 2)

च (ca) - Connecting 'dharmyam' and 'nyāyyam' (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

केशव (keśava) - Dhritarashtra addressing Krishna (O Keshava)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Keshava (name of Krishna), having fine hair, slayer of Keshi