महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-122, verse-48

भूरिश्रवाः सौमदत्तिरश्वत्थामा जयद्रथः ।
अशक्ताः सर्व एवैते प्रतियोद्धुं धनंजयम् ॥४८॥

48. bhūriśravāḥ saumadattiraśvatthāmā jayadrathaḥ ,
aśaktāḥ sarva evaite pratiyoddhuṁ dhanaṁjayam.

48. bhūriśravāḥ saumadattiḥ aśvatthāmā jayadrathaḥ
aśaktāḥ sarva eva ete pratiyoddhum dhanañjayam

48. Bhūriśravas, Saumadatti, Aśvatthāmā, and Jayadratha — all these, indeed, are incapable of fighting against Dhanañjaya (Arjuna).

Words meanings summery:

• भूरिश्रवाः (bhūriśravāḥ) - Bhūriśravas

• सौमदत्तिः (saumadattiḥ) - Saumadatti (son of Somadatta)

• अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Aśvatthāmā

• जयद्रथः (jayadrathaḥ) - Jayadratha

• अशक्ताः (aśaktāḥ) - incapable, powerless, unable

• सर्व (sarva) - all (of them), referring to the listed warriors (all, entirely, completely)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes the preceding 'sarva' and subsequent 'ete'. (indeed, certainly, only)

• एते (ete) - these (warriors just listed) (these)

• प्रतियोद्धुम् (pratiyoddhum) - to fight against, to contend with

• धनञ्जयम् (dhanañjayam) - Arjuna (a name for Arjuna, meaning "winner of wealth") (Dhanañjaya (Arjuna))

Words meanings and morphology

भूरिश्रवाः (bhūriśravāḥ) - Bhūriśravas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūriśravas

bhūriśravas - Bhūriśravas (name of a warrior)

सौमदत्तिः (saumadattiḥ) - Saumadatti (son of Somadatta)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saumadatti

saumadatti - Saumadatti (patronymic of Bhūriśravas, son of Somadatta)

Derived from Somadatta + i (patronymic suffix)

अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Aśvatthāmā

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśvatthāman

aśvatthāman - Aśvatthāmā (name of a warrior, son of Droṇa)

Note: The long 'ā' at the end is part of the nominative singular in this 'an' ending noun.

जयद्रथः (jayadrathaḥ) - Jayadratha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jayadratha

jayadratha - Jayadratha (name of a warrior)

अशक्ताः (aśaktāḥ) - incapable, powerless, unable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aśakta

aśakta - incapable, powerless, unable

Negative Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'a' (negation) + root śak (to be able) + kta suffix

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śakta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• śakta – able, capable, powerful
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root śak (to be able) + kta suffix
  Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Qualifies the listed warriors.

सर्व (sarva) - all (of them), referring to the listed warriors (all, entirely, completely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Acts as an intensifier or quantifier for 'ete'.

एव (eva) - Emphasizes the preceding 'sarva' and subsequent 'ete'. (indeed, certainly, only)

(indeclinable)

एते (ete) - these (warriors just listed) (these)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Subject of the sentence.

प्रतियोद्धुम् (pratiyoddhum) - to fight against, to contend with

(verb)

active, infinitive of pratiyudh

Infinitive

Derived from prati + yudh (to fight) + tumun suffix

Prefix: prati

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Denotes purpose or capability.

धनञ्जयम् (dhanañjayam) - Arjuna (a name for Arjuna, meaning "winner of wealth") (Dhanañjaya (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - Dhanañjaya (a name of Arjuna, winner of wealth)

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest, winning
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root ji (to conquer) + a suffix
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Object of the infinitive 'pratiyoddhum'.