महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-122, verse-26

योऽसत्सेवी वृथाचारो न श्रोता सुहृदां सदा ।
परान्वृणीते स्वान्द्वेष्टि तं गौः शपति भारत ॥२६॥

26. yo'satsevī vṛthācāro na śrotā suhṛdāṁ sadā ,
parānvṛṇīte svāndveṣṭi taṁ gauḥ śapati bhārata.

26. yaḥ asatsevī vṛthācāraḥ na śrotā suhṛdām sadā
parān vṛṇīte svān dveṣṭi tam gauḥ śapati bhārata

26. O Bhārata, a person who associates with the wicked, whose conduct is improper, who never listens to well-wishers, chooses others over his own people, and hates his kinsmen—such a person is cursed by the Earth.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, he who, whoever

• असत्सेवी (asatsevī) - one who serves the wicked, one who associates with bad people

• वृथाचारः (vṛthācāraḥ) - whose conduct is vain/useless, behaving improperly

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• श्रोता (śrotā) - a listener, one who hears

• सुहृदाम् (suhṛdām) - of friends, of well-wishers

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

• परान् (parān) - others, enemies, strangers

• वृणीते (vṛṇīte) - chooses, selects, prefers

• स्वान् (svān) - his own (people), kinsmen, relatives

• द्वेष्टि (dveṣṭi) - hates, dislikes

• तम् (tam) - him, that (person)

• गौः (gauḥ) - the Earth, or a personification of righteousness. (cow, earth, speech, virtue)

• शपति (śapati) - curses, reviles

• भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Yudhiṣṭhira. (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, he who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

असत्सेवी (asatsevī) - one who serves the wicked, one who associates with bad people

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asatsevin

asatsevin - serving the wicked, associating with evil persons

Compound of asat (bad, wicked) and sevin (serving)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (asat+sevin)

• asat – not good, bad, wicked, non-existent
  adjective (neuter)
• sevin – serving, frequenting, worshipping, one who serves
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  Derived from root sev (to serve)
  Root: sev (class 1)

Note: nominative singular masculine of asatsevin

वृथाचारः (vṛthācāraḥ) - whose conduct is vain/useless, behaving improperly

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛthācāra

vṛthācāra - vain conduct, improper behavior, useless actions

Compound of vṛthā (in vain, uselessly) and ācāra (conduct, behavior)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vṛthā+ācāra)

• vṛthā – in vain, uselessly, wrongly, idly
  indeclinable
• ācāra – conduct, behavior, custom, practice
  noun (masculine)
  From ā-car (to behave)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: car (class 1)

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

श्रोता (śrotā) - a listener, one who hears

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrotṛ

śrotṛ - listener, hearer, auditor

agent noun

Derived from root śru (to hear) with tṛ suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

सुहृदाम् (suhṛdām) - of friends, of well-wishers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, well-wisher, good-hearted

Compound of su (good) and hṛd (heart)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+hṛd)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• hṛd – heart, mind, soul
  noun (neuter)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

(indeclinable)

परान् (parān) - others, enemies, strangers

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, supreme, enemy

वृणीते (vṛṇīte) - chooses, selects, prefers

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of vṛ

Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: ātmanepada

स्वान् (svān) - his own (people), kinsmen, relatives

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sva

sva - one's own, belonging to oneself, kinsmen, wealth

द्वेष्टि (dveṣṭi) - hates, dislikes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of dviṣ

Root: dviṣ (class 2)

Note: parasmaipada

तम् (tam) - him, that (person)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

गौः (gauḥ) - the Earth, or a personification of righteousness. (cow, earth, speech, virtue)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light, speech, a string of a musical instrument

शपति (śapati) - curses, reviles

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of śap

Root: śap (class 1)

Note: parasmaipada

भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Yudhiṣṭhira. (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, Indian