महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-105, verse-33

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
स्वाध्यायशीला गुरुशुश्रूषणे रतास्तपस्विनः सुव्रताः सत्यसंधाः ।
आचार्याणामप्रतिकूलभाषिणो नित्योत्थिता गुरुकर्मस्वचोद्याः ॥३३॥

33. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
svādhyāyaśīlā guruśuśrūṣaṇe ratā;stapasvinaḥ suvratāḥ satyasaṁdhāḥ ,
ācāryāṇāmapratikūlabhāṣiṇo; nityotthitā gurukarmasvacodyāḥ.

33. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca svādhyāyaśīlāḥ
guruśuśrūṣaṇe ratāḥ tapasvinaḥ suvratāḥ
satyasaṃdhāḥ ācāryāṇām apratikūlabhāṣiṇaḥ
nityotthitāḥ gurukarmasu acodyāḥ

33. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca svādhyāyaśīlāḥ
guruśuśrūṣaṇe ratāḥ tapasvinaḥ suvratāḥ
satyasaṃdhāḥ ācāryāṇām apratikūlabhāṣiṇaḥ
nityotthitāḥ gurukarmasu acodyāḥ

33. Dhṛtarāṣṭra spoke: "Those who are devoted to self-study (svādhyāya), engaged in serving their spiritual teachers (guru), practicing asceticism (tapas), observing excellent vows, truthful in their pledges, who do not speak unfavorably to their preceptors, are always diligent, and do not need to be prompted in their duties towards their teachers—"

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• स्वाध्यायशीलाः (svādhyāyaśīlāḥ) - devoted to self-study

• गुरुशुश्रूषणे (guruśuśrūṣaṇe) - in the service of preceptors/teachers

• रताः (ratāḥ) - engaged, devoted, delighted

• तपस्विनः (tapasvinaḥ) - ascetics, those who perform asceticism

• सुव्रताः (suvratāḥ) - observing good vows, of excellent observances

• सत्यसंधाः (satyasaṁdhāḥ) - truthful in their pledges/commitments

• आचार्याणाम् (ācāryāṇām) - of the teachers/preceptors

• अप्रतिकूलभाषिणः (apratikūlabhāṣiṇaḥ) - not speaking unfavorably, not speaking against

• नित्योत्थिताः (nityotthitāḥ) - always diligent/active, constantly rising/alert

• गुरुकर्मसु (gurukarmasu) - in the duties towards teachers/preceptors

• अचोद्याः (acodyāḥ) - not needing to be prompted, not to be urged

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, supported, borne
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root dhṛ (to hold, bear)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, country, realm
  noun (neuter)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

स्वाध्यायशीलाः (svādhyāyaśīlāḥ) - devoted to self-study

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of svādhyāyaśīla

svādhyāyaśīla - devoted to self-study, diligent in sacred study

Compound type : tatpurusha (svādhyāya+śīla)

• svādhyāya – self-study, recitation of sacred texts
  noun (masculine)
• śīla – nature, habit, character, disposition
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies unspecified 'persons' implied by the context.

गुरुशुश्रूषणे (guruśuśrūṣaṇe) - in the service of preceptors/teachers

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of guruśuśrūṣaṇa

guruśuśrūṣaṇa - service to a spiritual teacher

Compound type : tatpurusha (guru+śuśrūṣaṇa)

• guru – spiritual teacher, preceptor, respected elder
  noun (masculine)
• śuśrūṣaṇa – service, desire to hear, obedience
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from desiderative of root śru (to hear)
  Root: śru (class 5)

रताः (ratāḥ) - engaged, devoted, delighted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rata

rata - delighted, pleased, engaged in, devoted to

Past Passive Participle

from root ram (to rejoice, sport)

Root: ram (class 1)

तपस्विनः (tapasvinaḥ) - ascetics, those who perform asceticism

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tapasvin

tapasvin - an ascetic, one who practices penance (tapas)

Suffix -vin added to tapas

सुव्रताः (suvratāḥ) - observing good vows, of excellent observances

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of suvrata

suvrata - observing good vows, of excellent observances, pious

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+vrata)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice, rule
  noun (neuter)

सत्यसंधाः (satyasaṁdhāḥ) - truthful in their pledges/commitments

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of satyasaṃdha

satyasaṁdha - truthful in pledges, firm in truth

Compound type : bahuvrihi (satya+saṃdha)

• satya – truth, real, true
  noun (neuter)
• saṃdha – pledge, promise, compact, firm
  noun
  From root dhā with saṃ, meaning 'holding together, agreement, pledge'
  Prefix: saṃ
  Root: dhā (class 3)

आचार्याणाम् (ācāryāṇām) - of the teachers/preceptors

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ācārya

ācārya - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide

अप्रतिकूलभाषिणः (apratikūlabhāṣiṇaḥ) - not speaking unfavorably, not speaking against

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apratikūlabhāṣin

apratikūlabhāṣin - one who does not speak unfavorably or disagreeably

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+pratikūla+bhāṣin)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• pratikūla – contrary, adverse, unfavorable
  adjective
  Prefix: prati
• bhāṣin – speaking, speaker, one who speaks
  adjective
  Agent noun from root bhāṣ (to speak)
  Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

नित्योत्थिताः (nityotthitāḥ) - always diligent/active, constantly rising/alert

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nityotthita

nityotthita - always diligent, constantly active, ever ready

Compound type : tatpurusha (nitya+utthita)

• nitya – constant, eternal, always, perpetual
  adjective
• utthita – risen, standing up, active, diligent, prepared
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root sthā (to stand) with prefix ut
  Prefix: ut
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: External sandhi nitya + utthitāḥ -> nityotthitāḥ

गुरुकर्मसु (gurukarmasu) - in the duties towards teachers/preceptors

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of gurukarman

gurukarman - duty to a teacher, teacher's work

Compound type : tatpurusha (guru+karman)

• guru – spiritual teacher, preceptor, respected elder
  noun (masculine)
• karman – action, deed, duty, work
  noun (neuter)

अचोद्याः (acodyāḥ) - not needing to be prompted, not to be urged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of acodya

acodya - not to be urged, not to be prompted, spontaneous

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Negative prefix 'a' + Gerundive from root cud (to urge, impel)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+codya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• codya – to be urged, to be prompted, fit to be impelled
  adjective
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  From root cud (to urge, impel)
  Root: cud (class 1)

Note: External sandhi gurukarmasu + acodyāḥ -> gurukarmasv acodyāḥ