महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-105, verse-19

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
अतिथिव्रताः सुव्रता ये जना वै प्रतिश्रयं ददति ब्राह्मणेभ्यः ।
शिष्टाशिनः संविभज्याश्रितांश्च मन्दाकिनीं तेऽपि विभूषयन्ति ॥१९॥

19. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
atithivratāḥ suvratā ye janā vai; pratiśrayaṁ dadati brāhmaṇebhyaḥ ,
śiṣṭāśinaḥ saṁvibhajyāśritāṁśca; mandākinīṁ te'pi vibhūṣayanti.

19. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca | atithi-vratāḥ
su-vratāḥ ye janāḥ vai pratiśrayam dadati
brāhmaṇebhyaḥ | śiṣṭāśinaḥ saṃvibhajya
āśritān ca mandākinīm te api vibhūṣayanti

19. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca vai ye janāḥ atithi-vratāḥ su-vratāḥ brāhmaṇebhyaḥ pratiśrayam dadati śiṣṭāśinaḥ āśritān ca saṃvibhajya,
te api mandākinīm vibhūṣayanti.

19. Dhritarashtra said: "Indeed, those people who are devoted to their guests, observe good vows, give shelter to Brahmins, and eat only after sharing with their dependents—they too adorn the Mandakini (river)."

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - The blind king Dhritarashtra, speaker of the verse (Dhritarashtra)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अतिथि-व्रताः (atithi-vratāḥ) - devoted to guests, hospitable

• सु-व्रताः (su-vratāḥ) - of good vows, virtuous

• ये (ye) - those (people) who (who, which)

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people, men

• वै (vai) - indeed, truly, certainly

• प्रतिश्रयम् (pratiśrayam) - shelter, refuge, resting place

• ददति (dadati) - they give

• ब्राह्मणेभ्यः (brāhmaṇebhyaḥ) - to Brahmins

• शिष्टाशिनः (śiṣṭāśinaḥ) - those who eat only after giving to others (those who eat the remainder, those who eat after others have eaten)

• संविभज्य (saṁvibhajya) - having distributed, having divided

• आश्रितान् (āśritān) - dependents, those who have taken refuge

• च (ca) - and

• मन्दाकिनीम् (mandākinīm) - The Mandakini river (Mandakini)

• ते (te) - those people mentioned earlier (they)

• अपि (api) - also, even

• विभूषयन्ति (vibhūṣayanti) - they make it beautiful/auspicious by their presence/actions (they adorn, they decorate)

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - The blind king Dhritarashtra, speaker of the verse (Dhritarashtra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (name of a king, literally 'he who holds the kingdom')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, borne, maintained
  past passive participle (masculine)
  past passive participle
  root dhṛ (to hold) + kta
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, nation
  noun (neuter)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense

reduplicated perfect, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

अतिथि-व्रताः (atithi-vratāḥ) - devoted to guests, hospitable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of atithi-vrata

atithi-vrata - devoted to guests, performing the vow of hospitality

Compound type : bahuvrihi (atithi+vrata)

• atithi – guest, stranger
  noun (masculine)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice
  noun (neuter)

सु-व्रताः (su-vratāḥ) - of good vows, virtuous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of su-vrata

su-vrata - of good vows, virtuous, pious

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+vrata)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice
  noun (neuter)

ये (ye) - those (people) who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

जनाः (janāḥ) - people, men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, people, man, creature

वै (vai) - indeed, truly, certainly

(indeclinable)

प्रतिश्रयम् (pratiśrayam) - shelter, refuge, resting place

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pratiśraya

pratiśraya - shelter, refuge, asylum, resting place

Prefix: prati

Root: śrī (class 1)

ददति (dadati) - they give

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of dā

present tense

3rd person plural

Root: dā (class 3)

ब्राह्मणेभ्यः (brāhmaṇebhyaḥ) - to Brahmins

(noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin (member of the priestly class), relating to Brahman

शिष्टाशिनः (śiṣṭāśinaḥ) - those who eat only after giving to others (those who eat the remainder, those who eat after others have eaten)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śiṣṭāśin

śiṣṭāśin - one who eats the remainder (after offering or after others have eaten)

Compound type : tatpurusha (śiṣṭa+āśin)

• śiṣṭa – remainder, left-over, polite, disciplined
  participle (neuter)
  past passive participle
  root śiṣ (to leave as a remainder) + kta
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)
• āśin – eater, consuming
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun / adjectival suffix
  root aś (to eat) + ṇini
  Root: aś (class 9)

संविभज्य (saṁvibhajya) - having distributed, having divided

(indeclinable)

gerund

root bhaj (to divide) + sam-vi + lyap

Prefixes: sam+vi

Root: bhaj (class 1)

आश्रितान् (āśritān) - dependents, those who have taken refuge

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of āśrita

āśrita - dependent, sheltered, supported, refugee

past passive participle

root śri (to lean on, resort to) with ā + kta

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मन्दाकिनीम् (mandākinīm) - The Mandakini river (Mandakini)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mandākinī

mandākinī - name of a celestial river, a branch of the Ganges

ते (te) - those people mentioned earlier (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

विभूषयन्ति (vibhūṣayanti) - they make it beautiful/auspicious by their presence/actions (they adorn, they decorate)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of bhūṣ

present tense

root bhūṣ (to adorn) + vi (prefix), 3rd person plural, active voice

Prefix: vi

Root: bhūṣ (class 1)