महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-105, verse-11

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
गवां सहस्रं भवते ददामि दासीशतं निष्कशतानि पञ्च ।
अन्यच्च वित्तं विविधं महर्षे किं ब्राह्मणस्येह गजेन कृत्यम् ॥११॥

11. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
gavāṁ sahasraṁ bhavate dadāmi; dāsīśataṁ niṣkaśatāni pañca ,
anyacca vittaṁ vividhaṁ maharṣe; kiṁ brāhmaṇasyeha gajena kṛtyam.

11. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca gavām sahasram
bhavate dadāmi dāsīśatam niṣkaśatāni
pañca anyat ca vittam vividham maharṣe
kim brāhmaṇasya iha gajena kṛtyam

11. Dhritarashtra said: 'I will give you a thousand cows, a hundred female servants, and five hundred gold coins (niṣka), as well as other various riches, O great sage. What use does a brahmin have for an elephant here?'

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhritarashtra (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• गवाम् (gavām) - of cows

• सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand

• भवते (bhavate) - to you (honorific)

• ददामि (dadāmi) - I give

• दासीशतम् (dāsīśatam) - a hundred female servants

• निष्कशतानि (niṣkaśatāni) - hundreds of gold coins (hundreds of niṣka (gold coins/ornaments))

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• अन्यत् (anyat) - other, another

• च (ca) - and

• वित्तम् (vittam) - wealth, property, riches

• विविधम् (vividham) - various, manifold, diverse

• महर्षे (maharṣe) - O great sage (Gautama) (O great sage)

• किम् (kim) - what use (what, why, whether)

• ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a brahmin

• इह (iha) - here (here, in this world, now)

• गजेन (gajena) - with an elephant

• कृत्यम् (kṛtyam) - use, business (duty, purpose, action, what is to be done)

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhritarashtra (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (a king in Mahabharata)

Compound name: dhṛta (held/supported) + rāṣṭra (kingdom). 'One whose kingdom is supported.'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, borne, supported
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'dhṛ' (to hold).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, country
  noun (neuter)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense

Strong form of perfect root.

Root: vac (class 2)

गवाम् (gavām) - of cows

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, ray (of light)

O-ending stem.

Note: Genitive plural.

सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand

(numeral)

Note: Accusative singular, acting as a noun.

भवते (bhavate) - to you (honorific)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (polite address)

Present Active Participle

From root 'bhū' (to be) as a participle, used as a pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Dative singular, meaning 'to you (honorific)'.

ददामि (dadāmi) - I give

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dā

present tense

Reduplicated verb, class 3.

Root: dā (class 3)

दासीशतम् (dāsīśatam) - a hundred female servants

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dāsīśata

dāsīśata - a hundred female servants

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dāsī+śata)

• dāsī – female servant, maidservant
  noun (feminine)
• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)

Note: Accusative singular.

निष्कशतानि (niṣkaśatāni) - hundreds of gold coins (hundreds of niṣka (gold coins/ornaments))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of niṣkaśata

niṣkaśata - a hundred niṣkas

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niṣka+śata)

• niṣka – a gold coin, a gold ornament, necklace
  noun (masculine)
• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)

Note: Accusative plural.

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(numeral)

Note: Used here in accusative sense with `niṣkaśatāni`.

अन्यत् (anyat) - other, another

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Accusative singular, modifying `vittam`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वित्तम् (vittam) - wealth, property, riches

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vitta

vitta - wealth, property, riches; found, obtained

Past Passive Participle (as noun)

From root 'vid' (to find, to obtain).

Root: vid (class 6)

Note: Accusative singular.

विविधम् (vividham) - various, manifold, diverse

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vividha

vividha - various, manifold, diverse, of many kinds

Derived from 'vidhā' (manner) with 'vi-'.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Accusative singular, modifying `vittam`.

महर्षे (maharṣe) - O great sage (Gautama) (O great sage)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage, great seer

Compound noun: mahā (great) + ṛṣi (sage).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ṛṣi)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet (ṛṣi)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Vocative singular.

किम् (kim) - what use (what, why, whether)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, whether

Interrogative pronoun/adverb.

Note: Nominative singular, subject of implied 'asti'.

ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a brahmin

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, pertaining to Brahman (brahman)

Derived from 'brahman' (the Absolute).

Note: Genitive singular.

इह (iha) - here (here, in this world, now)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place.

गजेन (gajena) - with an elephant

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of gaja

gaja - elephant

Note: Instrumental singular.

कृत्यम् (kṛtyam) - use, business (duty, purpose, action, what is to be done)

(gerundive)