महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-105, verse-15

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
ये निष्क्रिया नास्तिकाः श्रद्दधानाः पापात्मान इन्द्रियार्थे निविष्टाः ।
यमस्य ते यातनां प्राप्नुवन्ति परं गन्ता धृतराष्ट्रो न तत्र ॥१५॥

15. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
ye niṣkriyā nāstikāḥ śraddadhānāḥ; pāpātmāna indriyārthe niviṣṭāḥ ,
yamasya te yātanāṁ prāpnuvanti; paraṁ gantā dhṛtarāṣṭro na tatra.

15. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca | ye niṣkriyāḥ nāstikāḥ
śraddadhānāḥ pāpātmānaḥ indriyārthe
niviṣṭāḥ | yamasya te yātanām
prāpnuvanti param gantā dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ na tatra

15. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca ye niṣkriyāḥ nāstikāḥ
śraddadhānāḥ pāpātmānaḥ indriyārthe
niviṣṭāḥ te yamasya yātanām prāpnuvanti
tatra dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ param gantā na

15. Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: 'Those who are inactive, non-believers, [yet] faithful (śraddhā), with sinful natures, and engrossed in sense objects—they suffer Yama's torment. Dhṛtarāṣṭra will not be a chief among those who go there.'

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ये (ye) - those who

• निष्क्रियाः (niṣkriyāḥ) - inactive, without action, idle

• नास्तिकाः (nāstikāḥ) - non-believers, atheists, nihilists

• श्रद्दधानाः (śraddadhānāḥ) - those who claim to have faith, but are inactive and non-believers, possibly implying misplaced or superficial faith (having faith, faithful, believing, trusting)

• पापात्मानः (pāpātmānaḥ) - those with sinful natures, wicked-souled

• इन्द्रियार्थे (indriyārthe) - in the objects of the senses, for the sake of sense objects

• निविष्टाः (niviṣṭāḥ) - engrossed, absorbed, fixed, settled

• यमस्य (yamasya) - of Yama

• ते (te) - those described earlier (inactive, non-believers, etc.) (they)

• यातनाम् (yātanām) - torment, punishment

• प्राप्नुवन्ति (prāpnuvanti) - they obtain, they attain, they reach

• परम् (param) - chief, foremost (in going to torment) (supreme, ultimate, excellent)

• गन्ता (gantā) - one who goes (to Yama's realm) (a goer, one who goes)

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper name)

• न (na) - not, no

• तत्र (tatra) - to Yama's torment (there, in that place)

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra; a proper name, lit. 'he who holds the kingdom'

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active, 3rd person singular

From √vac, perfect tense, 3rd singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

ये (ye) - those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

निष्क्रियाः (niṣkriyāḥ) - inactive, without action, idle

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niṣkriya

niṣkriya - inactive, without action, idle, inert

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+kriyā)

• nis – out, forth, without
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• kriyā – action, deed, ritual
  noun (feminine)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

नास्तिकाः (nāstikāḥ) - non-believers, atheists, nihilists

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nāstika

nāstika - one who says 'nāsti' (it is not), a non-believer, atheist, nihilist

Derived from 'na asti' (it is not)

श्रद्दधानाः (śraddadhānāḥ) - those who claim to have faith, but are inactive and non-believers, possibly implying misplaced or superficial faith (having faith, faithful, believing, trusting)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śraddadhāna

śraddadhāna - having faith, believing, trusting (śraddhā)

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

Derived from śrad-dhā ('to place faith in') with present active participle suffix -āna

Prefix: śrad

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'ye'.

पापात्मानः (pāpātmānaḥ) - those with sinful natures, wicked-souled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāpātman

pāpātman - having a sinful nature or soul, wicked-souled

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pāpa+ātman)

• pāpa – evil, wicked, bad, sin
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'ye'.

इन्द्रियार्थे (indriyārthe) - in the objects of the senses, for the sake of sense objects

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of indriyārtha

indriyārtha - object of the senses

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (indriya+artha)

• indriya – sense organ, faculty
  noun (neuter)
• artha – object, purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ (class 5)

निविष्टाः (niviṣṭāḥ) - engrossed, absorbed, fixed, settled

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niviṣṭa

niviṣṭa - entered, settled, fixed, absorbed, intent on

Past Passive Participle

Derived from ni-viś ('to enter, settle in') with past passive participle suffix -ta

Prefix: ni

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Modifies 'ye'.

यमस्य (yamasya) - of Yama

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama (the god of death and justice)

ते (te) - those described earlier (inactive, non-believers, etc.) (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers back to 'ye'.

यातनाम् (yātanām) - torment, punishment

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yātanā

yātanā - torment, pain, punishment, torture

Root: yat (class 1)

प्राप्नुवन्ति (prāpnuvanti) - they obtain, they attain, they reach

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of āp

Present Active, 3rd person plural

From √āp with prefix pra-, present tense, 3rd plural active

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

परम् (param) - chief, foremost (in going to torment) (supreme, ultimate, excellent)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, distant, ultimate, supreme, excellent

Note: Adverbial usage 'supremely' or modifies 'gantā' as 'supreme goer'.

गन्ता (gantā) - one who goes (to Yama's realm) (a goer, one who goes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gantṛ

gantṛ - a goer, one who goes, a traveler

Agent noun

Derived from √gam ('to go') with agent suffix -tṛ

Root: gam (class 1)

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra; a proper name, lit. 'he who holds the kingdom'

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - to Yama's torment (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)