महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-105, verse-31

ये क्षन्तारो नाभिजल्पन्ति चान्याञ्शक्ता भूत्वा सततं पुण्यशीलाः ।
तथाविधानामेष लोको महर्षे परं गन्ता धृतराष्ट्रो न तत्र ॥३१॥

31. ye kṣantāro nābhijalpanti cānyā;ñśaktā bhūtvā satataṁ puṇyaśīlāḥ ,
tathāvidhānāmeṣa loko maharṣe; paraṁ gantā dhṛtarāṣṭro na tatra.

31. ye kṣantāraḥ na abhijalpanti ca
anyān śaktāḥ bhūtvā satatam puṇyaśīlāḥ
tathāvidhānām eṣaḥ lokaḥ maharṣe
param gantā dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ na tatra

31. ye kṣantāraḥ ca anyān na abhijalpanti
śaktāḥ bhūtvā satatam puṇyaśīlāḥ
maharṣe tathāvidhānām eṣaḥ lokaḥ
param gantā dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ na tatra

31. Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: Those who are forgiving and do not speak ill of others, even when they possess strength, being constantly of virtuous conduct – O great sage, for such persons, this realm will attain the supreme state. Dhṛtarāṣṭra (I) will not be there.

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• क्षन्तारः (kṣantāraḥ) - forgiving ones, patient ones

• न (na) - not, no

• अभिजल्पन्ति (abhijalpanti) - they speak ill of (others) (they speak ill of, insult, address)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अन्यान् (anyān) - other people (others (accusative plural))

• शक्ताः (śaktāḥ) - being capable (of retaliating or harming) (capable, powerful, strong (nominative plural))

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - even after being capable (having been, being)

• सततम् (satatam) - always, constantly, continuously

• पुण्यशीलाः (puṇyaśīlāḥ) - of virtuous conduct, of meritorious character

• तथाविधानाम् (tathāvidhānām) - for those who possess the aforementioned qualities (of such kind, for such persons)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (referring to the `loka` or state of being) (this, this one)

• लोकः (lokaḥ) - a realm or state of existence (world, realm, people)

• महर्षे (maharṣe) - संबोधित (vocative) for a great sage (e.g., Sanatsujāta, to whom Dhritarashtra is speaking) (O great sage)

• परम् (param) - the supreme state or realm (supreme, highest, ultimate goal)

• गन्ता (gantā) - will attain, will reach (the supreme state) (one who goes, will go, reaches)

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - King Dhritarashtra, the speaker (Dhritarashtra (a proper name))

• न (na) - not, no

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

क्षन्तारः (kṣantāraḥ) - forgiving ones, patient ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣantṛ

kṣantṛ - forgiver, patient, enduring

Agent noun

From root kṣam (to forgive, endure) with -tṛ suffix

Root: kṣam (class 1)

Note: Refers to the `ye` (those people).

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अभिजल्पन्ति (abhijalpanti) - they speak ill of (others) (they speak ill of, insult, address)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of abhijalp

Present Active Indicative

3rd person plural. From root jalp (to speak) with prefix abhi-

Prefix: abhi

Root: jalp (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अन्यान् (anyān) - other people (others (accusative plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Object of `abhijalpanti`.

शक्ताः (śaktāḥ) - being capable (of retaliating or harming) (capable, powerful, strong (nominative plural))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śakta

śakta - able, capable, powerful

Past Passive Participle (used adjectivally)

From root śak (to be able, capable)

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Agrees with `ye`.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - even after being capable (having been, being)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root bhū (to be, become)

Root: bhū (class 1)

सततम् (satatam) - always, constantly, continuously

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

पुण्यशीलाः (puṇyaśīlāḥ) - of virtuous conduct, of meritorious character

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puṇyaśīla

puṇyaśīla - of virtuous conduct, of meritorious character

Compound of puṇya (merit, virtue) and śīla (nature, disposition)

Compound type : tatpurusha (puṇya+śīla)

• puṇya – merit, virtue, auspicious
  noun (neuter)
• śīla – nature, disposition, character
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with `ye`.

तथाविधानाम् (tathāvidhānām) - for those who possess the aforementioned qualities (of such kind, for such persons)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tathāvidha

tathāvidha - of such a kind, suchlike, like that

Compound of tathā (thus) and vidha (kind, sort)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tathā+vidha)

• tathā – thus, so, in that manner
  indeclinable
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the virtuous people.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (referring to the `loka` or state of being) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etas

etas - this, this one

Note: Points to `lokaḥ`.

लोकः (lokaḥ) - a realm or state of existence (world, realm, people)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, space, people

महर्षे (maharṣe) - संबोधित (vocative) for a great sage (e.g., Sanatsujāta, to whom Dhritarashtra is speaking) (O great sage)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage, great seer

Compound of mahā (great) and ṛṣi (sage)

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahā+ṛṣi)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

परम् (param) - the supreme state or realm (supreme, highest, ultimate goal)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, next, supreme, highest

Note: Functions as the object of `gantā` (implied movement towards the supreme).

गन्ता (gantā) - will attain, will reach (the supreme state) (one who goes, will go, reaches)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gantṛ

gantṛ - goer, one who goes, destination

Agent noun / Future Participle

From root gam (to go) with -tṛ suffix. Can act as a future participle.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicative to `eṣaḥ lokaḥ`.

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - King Dhritarashtra, the speaker (Dhritarashtra (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (name of a king, lit. 'he who holds the kingdom')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, supported, borne
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhṛ (to hold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, country, realm
  noun (neuter)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad (that) with -tra suffix