महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-9, verse-5

निवारयन्तं कृच्छ्रात्ताञ्श्वापदान्संचिखादिषून् ।
विवेष्टमानं मह्यां च सुभृशं गाढवेदनम् ॥५॥

5. nivārayantaṁ kṛcchrāttāñśvāpadānsaṁcikhādiṣūn ,
viveṣṭamānaṁ mahyāṁ ca subhṛśaṁ gāḍhavedanam.

5. nivārayantam kṛcchrāt tān śvāpadān saṃcikhādiṣūn
viveṣṭamānam mahyām ca subhṛśam gāḍhavedanam

5. (te tam apaśyan) kṛcchrāt saṃcikhādiṣūn tān śvāpadān nivārayantam ca mahyām subhṛśam gāḍhavedanam viveṣṭamānam.

5. He was, with great difficulty, warding off those beasts of prey that desired to devour him, and he was writhing on the ground, in very severe, agonizing pain.

Words meanings summery:

• निवारयन्तम् (nivārayantam) - referring to Duryodhana trying to keep the beasts away (warding off, preventing, keeping away)

• कृच्छ्रात् (kṛcchrāt) - with difficulty, painfully

• तान् (tān) - referring to the beasts of prey and jackals (those)

• श्वापदान् (śvāpadān) - beasts of prey, wild animals

• संचिखादिषून् (saṁcikhādiṣūn) - desiring to devour, eager to eat

• विवेष्टमानम् (viveṣṭamānam) - referring to Duryodhana's physical state (writhing, struggling)

• मह्याम् (mahyām) - on the ground, on the earth

• च (ca) - and, also

• सुभृशम् (subhṛśam) - very much, extremely, severely

• गाढवेदनम् (gāḍhavedanam) - referring to Duryodhana's intense suffering (in deep pain, severely pained)

Words meanings and morphology

निवारयन्तम् (nivārayantam) - referring to Duryodhana trying to keep the beasts away (warding off, preventing, keeping away)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nivārayat

vṛ - to choose, to cover, to ward off

Present Active Participle (Causative stem)

Present Active Participle of the causative stem of the root vṛ (meaning 'to cause to ward off' or simply 'to ward off'), with prefix ni-, masculine accusative singular.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'tam' (Duryodhana) from previous verses.

कृच्छ्रात् (kṛcchrāt) - with difficulty, painfully

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kṛcchra

kṛcchra - difficulty, pain, distress

तान् (tān) - referring to the beasts of prey and jackals (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

श्वापदान् (śvāpadān) - beasts of prey, wild animals

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śvāpada

śvāpada - beast of prey, carnivorous animal

Compound literally meaning 'dog-footed' or 'whose foot is like a dog's'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śvan+pada)

• śvan – dog
  noun (masculine)
• pada – foot, paw
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'nivārayantam'.

संचिखादिषून् (saṁcikhādiṣūn) - desiring to devour, eager to eat

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of saṃcikhādiṣu

khād - to eat, to devour

Desiderative Active Participle

Desiderative active participle of the root khād with the prefix saṃ-, masculine accusative plural.

Prefix: sam

Root: khād (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śvāpadān'.

विवेष्टमानम् (viveṣṭamānam) - referring to Duryodhana's physical state (writhing, struggling)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viveṣṭamāna

veṣṭ - to roll, to writhe, to struggle

Present Middle Participle

Present Middle Participle of the root veṣṭ with the prefix vi-, masculine accusative singular.

Prefix: vi

Root: veṣṭ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tam' (Duryodhana).

मह्याम् (mahyām) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, ground, land

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two descriptions of Duryodhana's state.

सुभृशम् (subhṛśam) - very much, extremely, severely

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'su-' (good, well, very) and 'bhṛśa' (vehement, violent).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+bhṛśa)

• su – good, well, easily, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating excellence or intensity.
• bhṛśa – strong, vehement, violent, much
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'gāḍhavedanam'.

गाढवेदनम् (gāḍhavedanam) - referring to Duryodhana's intense suffering (in deep pain, severely pained)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gāḍhavedana

gāḍhavedana - deep pain, severe agony

Compound type : karmadhāraya (gāḍha+vedana)

• gāḍha – deep, intense, strong, firm
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of the root gah (to penetrate, to enter deeply).
  Root: gah (class 1)
• vedana – pain, sensation, feeling
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from the root vid (to know, to feel).
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'tam' (Duryodhana).