महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-9, verse-3

तं भग्नसक्थं राजेन्द्र कृच्छ्रप्राणमचेतसम् ।
वमन्तं रुधिरं वक्त्रादपश्यन्वसुधातले ॥३॥

3. taṁ bhagnasakthaṁ rājendra kṛcchraprāṇamacetasam ,
vamantaṁ rudhiraṁ vaktrādapaśyanvasudhātale.

3. tam bhagnasaktham rājendra kṛcchraprāṇam acetasam
vamantam rudhiram vaktrāt apaśyan vasudhātale

3. rājendra,
te tam bhagnasaktham kṛcchraprāṇam acetasam vaktrāt rudhiram vamantam vasudhātale apaśyan.

3. O greatest of kings (rājendra), they saw him on the ground, his thighs broken, barely breathing (kṛcchraprāṇa), unconscious, and vomiting blood from his mouth.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - referring to Duryodhana (him)

• भग्नसक्थम् (bhagnasaktham) - describing Duryodhana's state (with broken thighs)

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - vocative, addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king, O best of kings)

• कृच्छ्रप्राणम् (kṛcchraprāṇam) - describing Duryodhana's state (with difficult breath, barely alive)

• अचेतसम् (acetasam) - describing Duryodhana's state (unconscious, senseless)

• वमन्तम् (vamantam) - describing Duryodhana's action (vomiting, spewing)

• रुधिरम् (rudhiram) - blood

• वक्त्रात् (vaktrāt) - from the mouth, from the face

• अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - they saw

• वसुधातले (vasudhātale) - on the ground, on the surface of the earth

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - referring to Duryodhana (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

भग्नसक्थम् (bhagnasaktham) - describing Duryodhana's state (with broken thighs)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhagnasaktha

bhagnasaktha - one whose thighs are broken

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhagna+sakthi)

• bhagna – broken, shattered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of the root bhañj (to break).
  Root: bhañj (class 7)
• sakthi – thigh, leg
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'tam'.

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - vocative, addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king, O best of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king of kings, emperor, best of kings

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, best, lord
  noun (masculine)

कृच्छ्रप्राणम् (kṛcchraprāṇam) - describing Duryodhana's state (with difficult breath, barely alive)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛcchraprāṇa

kṛcchraprāṇa - one whose life/breath is difficult, barely alive

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛcchra+prāṇa)

• kṛcchra – difficult, painful, distress
  adjective (neuter)
• prāṇa – life, breath, vital air
  noun (masculine)
  From the root an (to breathe) with prefix pra-.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'tam'.

अचेतसम् (acetasam) - describing Duryodhana's state (unconscious, senseless)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of acetas

acetas - senseless, unconscious, unwise

Compound formed with the privative prefix 'a-' and 'cetas' (mind, consciousness).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+cetas)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Privative prefix.
• cetas – mind, consciousness, intelligence
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'tam'.

वमन्तम् (vamantam) - describing Duryodhana's action (vomiting, spewing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vamant

vam - to vomit, to spew

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle of the root vam, masculine accusative singular.

Root: vam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tam'.

रुधिरम् (rudhiram) - blood

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rudhira

rudhira - blood

Note: Object of 'vamantam'.

वक्त्रात् (vaktrāt) - from the mouth, from the face

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vaktra

vaktra - mouth, face

अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - they saw

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect past active

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural, active voice of the root dṛś (with present stem paśya-).

Prefix: a

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: This verb connects back to the subject 'te' from the previous verse.

वसुधातले (vasudhātale) - on the ground, on the surface of the earth

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vasudhātala

vasudhātala - surface of the earth, ground

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (vasudhā+tala)

• vasudhā – the earth
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, ground, plane
  noun (neuter)