महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-9, verse-4

वृतं समन्ताद्बहुभिः श्वापदैर्घोरदर्शनैः ।
शालावृकगणैश्चैव भक्षयिष्यद्भिरन्तिकात् ॥४॥

4. vṛtaṁ samantādbahubhiḥ śvāpadairghoradarśanaiḥ ,
śālāvṛkagaṇaiścaiva bhakṣayiṣyadbhirantikāt.

4. vṛtam samantāt bahubhiḥ śvāpadaiḥ ghoradarśanaiḥ
śālāvṛkagaṇaiḥ ca eva bhakṣayiṣyadbhiḥ antikāt

4. samantāt bahubhiḥ ghoradarśanaiḥ śvāpadaiḥ ca eva śālāvṛkagaṇaiḥ antikāt bhakṣayiṣyadbhiḥ vṛtam (āsīt).

4. He was surrounded on all sides by many terrifying-looking beasts of prey and packs of jackals (śālāvṛka) that were about to devour him from close by.

Words meanings summery:

• वृतम् (vṛtam) - referring to Duryodhana, who was surrounded (surrounded, covered)

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - on all sides, all around

• बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many

• श्वापदैः (śvāpadaiḥ) - by beasts of prey, by wild animals

• घोरदर्शनैः (ghoradarśanaiḥ) - by those of terrifying appearance

• शालावृकगणैः (śālāvṛkagaṇaiḥ) - by packs of jackals/wolves

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, even

• भक्षयिष्यद्भिः (bhakṣayiṣyadbhiḥ) - by those who were about to devour

• अन्तिकात् (antikāt) - from nearby, from a short distance

Words meanings and morphology

वृतम् (vṛtam) - referring to Duryodhana, who was surrounded (surrounded, covered)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛ - to cover, to encompass, to surround

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of the root vṛ, masculine accusative singular.

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'tam' (Duryodhana) from the preceding verse.

समन्तात् (samantāt) - on all sides, all around

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'samanta' (all-around) with the ablative suffix -tāt, used adverbially.

बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Agrees with 'śvāpadaiḥ' and 'ghoradarśanaiḥ'.

श्वापदैः (śvāpadaiḥ) - by beasts of prey, by wild animals

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śvāpada

śvāpada - beast of prey, carnivorous animal

Compound literally meaning 'dog-footed' or 'whose foot is like a dog's'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śvan+pada)

• śvan – dog
  noun (masculine)
• pada – foot, paw
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agent of 'vṛtam'.

घोरदर्शनैः (ghoradarśanaiḥ) - by those of terrifying appearance

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ghoradarśana

ghoradarśana - of terrifying appearance, dreadful to behold

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ghora+darśana)

• ghora – terrible, dreadful, formidable
  adjective (neuter)
• darśana – sight, appearance, seeing
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from the root dṛś (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śvāpadaiḥ'.

शालावृकगणैः (śālāvṛkagaṇaiḥ) - by packs of jackals/wolves

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śālāvṛkagaṇa

śālāvṛkagaṇa - pack of jackals/wolves

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (śālāvṛka+gaṇa)

• śālāvṛka – jackal, wolf
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – group, collection, pack
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of 'vṛtam'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, even

(indeclinable)

भक्षयिष्यद्भिः (bhakṣayiṣyadbhiḥ) - by those who were about to devour

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhakṣayiṣyat

bhakṣ - to devour, to eat

Future Active Participle

Future Active Participle of the root bhakṣ (desiderative of bhaj or causative of bhakṣ), instrumental plural masculine.

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śvāpadaiḥ' and 'śālāvṛkagaṇaiḥ'.

अन्तिकात् (antikāt) - from nearby, from a short distance

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'antika' (near) with the ablative suffix -tāt, used adverbially.

Note: Functions adverbially, indicating proximity.