महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-9, verse-20

कथं विवरमद्राक्षीद्भीमसेनस्तवानघ ।
बलिनः कृतिनो नित्यं स च पापात्मवान्नृप ॥२०॥

20. kathaṁ vivaramadrākṣīdbhīmasenastavānagha ,
balinaḥ kṛtino nityaṁ sa ca pāpātmavānnṛpa.

20. katham vivaram adrākṣīt bhīmasenaḥ tava anagha
| balinaḥ kṛtinaḥ nityam saḥ ca pāpātmavān nṛpa

20. anagha nṛpa katham bhīmasenaḥ vivaram adrākṣīt?
tava balinaḥ kṛtinaḥ nityam? ca saḥ pāpātmavān

20. O sinless one (Duryodhana), O king, how did Bhīmasena find a weak point in you, who were always mighty and accomplished? And that Bhīmasena is truly wicked.

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how (how, why)

• विवरम् (vivaram) - a weak point (a hole, opening, flaw, weak point)

• अद्राक्षीत् (adrākṣīt) - found (saw, perceived)

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena (proper name)

• तव (tava) - of you (Duryodhana) (your)

• अनघ (anagha) - Addressed to Duryodhana (O sinless one, O faultless one)

• बलिनः (balinaḥ) - of you, who are strong (of the strong one, mighty)

• कृतिनः (kṛtinaḥ) - of you, who are skillful (of the skillful one, accomplished)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

• सः (saḥ) - he (Bhīmasena) (he, that)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पापात्मवान् (pāpātmavān) - wicked (having a sinful soul, wicked)

• नृप (nṛpa) - Addressed to Duryodhana (O king)

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how (how, why)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

विवरम् (vivaram) - a weak point (a hole, opening, flaw, weak point)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vivara

vivara - a hole, cavity, opening, flaw, defect

From vi + √vṛ (to cover).

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Object of adrākṣīt.

अद्राक्षीत् (adrākṣīt) - found (saw, perceived)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of dṛś

Aorist Active

Aorist 3rd person singular, sigmatic aorist of √dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena, son of Vāyu and Kuntī, one of the Pāṇḍavas

Note: Subject of adrākṣīt.

तव (tava) - of you (Duryodhana) (your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Refers to Duryodhana.

अनघ (anagha) - Addressed to Duryodhana (O sinless one, O faultless one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha

anagha - sinless, faultless, pure

Negative compound (na + agha).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+agha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• agha – sin, fault, evil
  noun (neuter)

Note: Addressed to Duryodhana.

बलिनः (balinaḥ) - of you, who are strong (of the strong one, mighty)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of balin

balin - strong, powerful, mighty

Derived from bala (strength) with suffix -in.

Note: Agrees with tava.

कृतिनः (kṛtinaḥ) - of you, who are skillful (of the skillful one, accomplished)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṛtin

kṛtin - skillful, clever, accomplished, meritorious

Derived from kṛti (skill, deed) with suffix -in.

Note: Agrees with tava.

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

सः (saḥ) - he (Bhīmasena) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Bhīmasena.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

पापात्मवान् (pāpātmavān) - wicked (having a sinful soul, wicked)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāpātman

pāpātman - wicked, evil-minded, having a sinful soul

Bahuvrīhi compound, 'one whose soul (ātman) is sinful (pāpa)'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pāpa+ātman)

• pāpa – evil, wicked, sin
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with saḥ (Bhīmasena).

नृप (nṛpa) - Addressed to Duryodhana (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

From nṛ (man) + √pā (to protect).

Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Addressed to Duryodhana.