योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-89, verse-49

समसङ्गविमुक्तत्वाच्छेदादौ न प्रवर्तते ।
पान्थो व्यर्थं पथि ग्रामे यथा ग्रामीणकर्मणि ॥ ४९ ॥

samasaṅgavimuktatvācchedādau na pravartate ,
pāntho vyarthaṃ pathi grāme yathā grāmīṇakarmaṇi 49

49. samasaṅgavimuktatvāt cheda ādau na pravartate
pānthaḥ vyartham pathi grāme yathā grāmīṇakarmaṇi

49. yathā pānthaḥ pathi grāme vyartham grāmīṇakarmaṇi na pravartate,
[tathā saḥ] samasaṅgavimuktatvāt cheda ādau na pravartate

49. Because of being free from all attachments (samasaṅga), an ascetic does not engage in acts like cutting or violence. This is just as a traveler passing through a village on the road does not uselessly involve himself in the local villagers' activities.

Words meanings summery:

• समसङ्गविमुक्तत्वात् (samasaṅgavimuktatvāt) - due to the state of being completely free from worldly attachments (from the state of being freed from all attachments; due to detachment from all connections)

• छेद (cheda) - act of cutting or violence (cutting, breaking, separation, violence)

• आदौ (ādau) - and so on, et cetera (implying other similar actions) (in the beginning, first; and so on, etc.)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - engages in, involves oneself in (proceeds, engages in, acts)

• पान्थः (pānthaḥ) - a traveler (traveler, wayfarer)

• व्यर्थम् (vyartham) - uselessly (uselessly, in vain, to no purpose)

• पथि (pathi) - on the path/road (leading through the village) (on the path, on the road)

• ग्रामे (grāme) - in a village (in the village, in a community)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

• ग्रामीणकर्मणि (grāmīṇakarmaṇi) - in the activities typical of village folk (in village work, in the activity of a countryman)

Words meanings and morphology

समसङ्गविमुक्तत्वात् (samasaṅgavimuktatvāt) - due to the state of being completely free from worldly attachments (from the state of being freed from all attachments; due to detachment from all connections)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of samasaṅgavimuktatva

samasaṅgavimuktatva - the state of being freed from all attachments

Derived from 'samasaṅgavimukta' + 'tva' (abstract noun suffix).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sama+saṅga+vimukta+tva)

• sama – all, complete, equal
  adjective
• saṅga – attachment, connection, company
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'sañj' (to cling).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sañj (class 1)
• vimukta – freed, liberated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'muc' (to free) with prefix 'vi'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: muc (class 6)
• tva – state of being, -ness
  suffix (neuter)
  Abstract noun suffix.

Note: Denotes cause or reason.

छेद (cheda) - act of cutting or violence (cutting, breaking, separation, violence)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of cheda

cheda - cutting, breaking, separation, division

From root 'chid' (to cut).

Root: chid (class 7)

आदौ (ādau) - and so on, et cetera (implying other similar actions) (in the beginning, first; and so on, etc.)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ādi

ādi - beginning, commencement; and so on, etc.

Note: Used in an implied Dvandva compound with 'cheda'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - engages in, involves oneself in (proceeds, engages in, acts)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Middle voice conjugation.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

पान्थः (pānthaḥ) - a traveler (traveler, wayfarer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāntha

pāntha - traveler, wayfarer

From 'pathin' (path) + 'aṆ' suffix.

Note: Subject of the simile.

व्यर्थम् (vyartham) - uselessly (uselessly, in vain, to no purpose)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial usage of neuter accusative singular. Compound of 'vi' + 'artha'.

Compound type : Avyayībhāva (vi+artha)

• vi – without, opposite, apart
  indeclinable
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

पथि (pathi) - on the path/road (leading through the village) (on the path, on the road)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pathin

pathin - path, road, way

Note: Indicates location.

ग्रामे (grāme) - in a village (in the village, in a community)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of grāma

grāma - village, hamlet, community

Note: Indicates location.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

(indeclinable)

ग्रामीणकर्मणि (grāmīṇakarmaṇi) - in the activities typical of village folk (in village work, in the activity of a countryman)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of grāmīṇakarman

grāmīṇakarman - village work, work of a countryman

Compound type : Ṣaṣṭhī Tatpuruṣa (grāmīṇa+karman)

• grāmīṇa – of a village, belonging to a village, rustic, rural
  adjective
  Derived from 'grāma' + 'īṇa' suffix.
• karman – action, work, deed, activity (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'kṛ' (to do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Indicates the activity in which one engages.