योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-89, verse-14

ये केचन जगद्भावास्तानविद्यामयान्विदुः ।
कथं तेषु किलात्मज्ञस्त्यक्ताविद्यो निमज्जति ॥ १४ ॥

ye kecana jagadbhāvāstānavidyāmayānviduḥ ,
kathaṃ teṣu kilātmajñastyaktāvidyo nimajjati 14

14. ye kecana jagadbhāvāḥ tān avidyāmayān viduḥ
katham teṣu kila ātmajñaḥ tyaktāvidyaḥ nimajjati

14. ye kecana jagadbhāvāḥ tān avidyāmayān viduḥ kila
tyaktāvidyaḥ ātmajñaḥ teṣu katham nimajjati

14. Those who truly know the self (ātman) understand that whatever phenomena exist in the world are fundamentally born of ignorance (avidyā). Therefore, how could a knower of the self (ātman), having already renounced ignorance (avidyā), possibly immerse themselves in such things?

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - which, who, those who

• केचन (kecana) - some, any, whatever

• जगद्भावाः (jagadbhāvāḥ) - phenomena of the world, worldly existences

• तान् (tān) - those

• अविद्यामयान् (avidyāmayān) - consisting of ignorance, born of ignorance

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

• तेषु (teṣu) - in those worldly phenomena (in them, among those)

• किल (kila) - indeed, surely, reportedly

• आत्मज्ञः (ātmajñaḥ) - one who knows the self

• त्यक्ताविद्यः (tyaktāvidyaḥ) - one who has abandoned ignorance

• निमज्जति (nimajjati) - becomes engrossed or involved in worldly phenomena (sinks, dives, immerses oneself)

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - which, who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who

केचन (kecana) - some, any, whatever

(indeclinable)

compound of interrogative pronoun 'ka' and indeclinable 'cana'

Compound type : Avyayībhāva (ka+cana)

• ka – who, what (interrogative pronoun)
  pronoun (masculine)
• cana – ever, any
  indeclinable

जगद्भावाः (jagadbhāvāḥ) - phenomena of the world, worldly existences

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jagadbhāva

jagadbhāva - phenomena of the world, worldly existences, states of the world

compound of 'jagat' (world) and 'bhāva' (being, phenomenon)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (jagat+bhāva)

• jagat – world, universe, moving
  noun (neuter)
  present active participle
  from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• bhāva – being, existence, state, feeling, phenomenon
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from root bhū (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

अविद्यामयान् (avidyāmayān) - consisting of ignorance, born of ignorance

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of avidyāmaya

avidyāmaya - consisting of ignorance, made of ignorance, filled with ignorance

compound of 'avidyā' (ignorance) and '-maya' (made of)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (avidyā+maya)

• avidyā – ignorance, nescience, spiritual ignorance
  noun (feminine)
  compound of 'a' (negation) and 'vidyā' (knowledge)
• maya – made of, consisting of, full of
  suffix (masculine)
  suffix forming adjectives

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

(indeclinable)

तेषु (teṣu) - in those worldly phenomena (in them, among those)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

किल (kila) - indeed, surely, reportedly

(indeclinable)

आत्मज्ञः (ātmajñaḥ) - one who knows the self

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātmajña

ātmajña - knower of the self (ātman)

compound of 'ātman' (self) and 'jña' (knower)

Compound type : Ṣaṣṭhī-Tatpuruṣa (ātman+jña)

• ātman – self, soul, essence, individual soul
  noun (masculine)
• jña – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

त्यक्ताविद्यः (tyaktāvidyaḥ) - one who has abandoned ignorance

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tyaktāvidya

tyaktāvidya - one who has renounced or abandoned ignorance (avidyā)

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'tyakta' (abandoned) + 'avidyā' (ignorance)

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (tyakta+avidyā)

• tyakta – abandoned, forsaken, relinquished
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root tyaj (to abandon)
  Root: tyaj (class 1)
• avidyā – ignorance, nescience, spiritual ignorance
  noun (feminine)
  compound of 'a' (negation) and 'vidyā' (knowledge)

निमज्जति (nimajjati) - becomes engrossed or involved in worldly phenomena (sinks, dives, immerses oneself)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of nimajj

from root majj (to sink) with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: majj (class 6)