योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-47, verse-51

अतिविस्मयमातस्थौ ग्रामकं समुपाययौ ।
उल्लंघ्य म्लेच्छनगरमार्यदेशमिवाध्वगः ॥ ५१ ॥

ativismayamātasthau grāmakaṃ samupāyayau ,
ullaṃghya mlecchanagaramāryadeśamivādhvagaḥ 51

51. ati-vismayam ātasthau grāmakam samupāyayau
ullaṅghya mleccha-nagaram ārya-deśam iva adhvagaḥ

51. adhvagaḥ iva mleccha-nagaram ullaṅghya ārya-deśam (prāpya),
(saḥ) ati-vismayam ātasthau (ca) grāmakam samupāyayau

51. He was overcome with great astonishment and then quickly approached the village, just as a traveler (adhvaga) reaches an Aryan land (ārya-deśa) after having bypassed a barbarian city (mleccha-nagara).

Words meanings summery:

• अति-विस्मयम् (ati-vismayam) - great astonishment (great astonishment, extreme wonder)

• आतस्थौ (ātasthau) - he was filled with, he was overcome with (he stood, he assumed, he was in a state of)

• ग्रामकम् (grāmakam) - the village (to a small village, to a village)

• समुपाययौ (samupāyayau) - he quickly approached (he approached, he went near)

• उल्लङ्घ्य (ullaṅghya) - after having bypassed (having crossed, having bypassed, having transgressed)

• म्लेच्छ-नगरम् (mleccha-nagaram) - a barbarian city (mleccha-nagara) (a barbarian city, city of foreigners)

• आर्य-देशम् (ārya-deśam) - an Aryan land (ārya-deśa) (an Aryan country/land)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as if, as)

• अध्वगः (adhvagaḥ) - a traveler (adhvaga) (a traveler, a wanderer)

Words meanings and morphology

अति-विस्मयम् (ati-vismayam) - great astonishment (great astonishment, extreme wonder)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ati-vismaya

ati-vismaya - great astonishment, extreme wonder

Compound with prefix ati-.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (ati+vismaya)

• ati – over, beyond, very, excessively
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating excess.
• vismaya – astonishment, wonder, surprise
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-smi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: smi (class 1)

Note: Object of 'ātasthau' or adverbial.

आतस्थौ (ātasthau) - he was filled with, he was overcome with (he stood, he assumed, he was in a state of)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of ā-sthā

Perfect

Root √sthā with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Expresses the state of being overcome by astonishment.

ग्रामकम् (grāmakam) - the village (to a small village, to a village)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of grāmaka

grāmaka - a small village, a village

Diminutive of grāma.

Note: Object of 'samupāyayau'.

समुपाययौ (samupāyayau) - he quickly approached (he approached, he went near)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of sam-upa-yā

Perfect

Root √yā with prefixes sam- and upa-.

Prefixes: sam+upa

Root: yā (class 2)

उल्लङ्घ्य (ullaṅghya) - after having bypassed (having crossed, having bypassed, having transgressed)

(indeclinable participle)

म्लेच्छ-नगरम् (mleccha-nagaram) - a barbarian city (mleccha-nagara) (a barbarian city, city of foreigners)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mleccha-nagara

mleccha-nagara - a city of barbarians or foreigners, a non-Aryan city

Compound.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (mleccha+nagara)

• mleccha – barbarian, foreigner, non-Aryan
  noun (masculine)
• nagara – city, town
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'ullaṅghya'.

आर्य-देशम् (ārya-deśam) - an Aryan land (ārya-deśa) (an Aryan country/land)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ārya-deśa

ārya-deśa - a country of Aryans, a noble land, India (historically)

Compound.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (ārya+deśa)

• ārya – noble, honorable, Aryan
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
• deśa – country, land, region
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of comparison with 'grāmakam'.

इव (iva) - just as (like, as if, as)

(indeclinable)

अध्वगः (adhvagaḥ) - a traveler (adhvaga) (a traveler, a wanderer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhvaga

adhvaga - a traveler, a wanderer, one who goes on a road

Compound.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (adhvan+ga)

• adhvan – road, path, journey
  noun (masculine)
• ga – going, moving, one who goes
  suffix/noun (masculine/neuter)
  From root √gam, suffix -ḍa.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of the comparison.