योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-47, verse-22

अतिथिरुवाच ।
ममातिकार्श्यश्रमयोर्भगवन् श्रृणु कारणम् ।
कथयामि तथाभूतं वयं नासत्यवादिनः ॥ २२ ॥

atithiruvāca ,
mamātikārśyaśramayorbhagavan śrṛṇu kāraṇam ,
kathayāmi tathābhūtaṃ vayaṃ nāsatyavādinaḥ 22

22. atithiḥ uvāca mama ati-kārśya-śramayoḥ bhagavan śṛṇu
kāraṇam kathayāmi tathā-bhūtam vayam na a-satya-vādinaḥ

22. atithiḥ uvāca bhagavan mama ati-kārśya-śramayoḥ kāraṇam
śṛṇu vayam na a-satya-vādinaḥ tathā-bhūtam kathayāmi

22. The guest said, "O revered one, listen to the reason for my excessive leanness and fatigue. I will relate it exactly as it happened, for we are not speakers of untruth (asatyavādin)."

Words meanings summery:

• अतिथिः (atithiḥ) - the guest (guest, stranger)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

• अति-कार्श्य-श्रमयोः (ati-kārśya-śramayoḥ) - of my excessive leanness and fatigue (of excessive leanness and fatigue)

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one! (O revered one!, O glorious one!)

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (listen!, hear!)

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - the reason (cause, reason, motive)

• कथयामि (kathayāmi) - I will relate (I tell, I relate)

• तथा-भूतम् (tathā-bhūtam) - exactly as it happened (such as it happened, as it really is)

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अ-सत्य-वादिनः (a-satya-vādinaḥ) - not speakers of untruth (not a speaker of untruth, truthful)

Words meanings and morphology

अतिथिः (atithiḥ) - the guest (guest, stranger)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atithi

atithi - guest, stranger

Note: subject of uvāca

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active 3rd singular

reduplicated perfect form

Root: vac (class 2)

मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

अति-कार्श्य-श्रमयोः (ati-kārśya-śramayoḥ) - of my excessive leanness and fatigue (of excessive leanness and fatigue)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of ati-kārśya-śrama

ati-kārśya-śrama - excessive leanness and fatigue

Dvandva compound (kārśya and śrama) with intensifier ati

Compound type : dvandva (ati+kārśya+śrama)

• ati – excessive, beyond, over
  indeclinable
  prefix for intensifier
• kārśya – leanness, emaciation
  noun (neuter)
  from kṛśa (lean) + ṣyañ suffix
  Root: kṛś
• śrama – fatigue, exertion, toil
  noun (masculine)
  from root śram (to be weary)
  Root: śram (class 4)

Note: dual compound for 'of both leanness and fatigue'

भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one! (O revered one!, O glorious one!)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - revered, glorious, blessed, divine

from bhaga (fortune) + matup suffix

Note: addressed to Gādhi

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (listen!, hear!)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

imperative active 2nd singular

Root: śru (class 5)

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - the reason (cause, reason, motive)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

from kṛ (to do) + ana suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: direct object of śṛṇu

कथयामि (kathayāmi) - I will relate (I tell, I relate)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of kath

present active 1st singular

10th class verb

Root: kath (class 10)

तथा-भूतम् (tathā-bhūtam) - exactly as it happened (such as it happened, as it really is)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tathā-bhūta

tathā-bhūta - such, so happened, actual

Past Passive Participle

avyayībhāva compound (tathā as it is + bhūta happened)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (tathā+bhūta)

• tathā – thus, so, in that manner
  indeclinable
• bhūta – been, become, happened, true
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root bhū (to be, become) + kta suffix
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: qualifies kāraṇam

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: subject of implicit 'are'

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

negation particle

अ-सत्य-वादिनः (a-satya-vādinaḥ) - not speakers of untruth (not a speaker of untruth, truthful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of a-satya-vādin

a-satya-vādin - one who does not speak untruth, truthful speaker

Nañ-Tatpurusha compound (a + satya-vādin)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+satya-vādin)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• satya-vādin – speaker of truth
  adjective (masculine)
  Tatpurusha compound (satya + vādin)
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: predicate adjective for vayam