योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-47

तेन संसारदुःखार्तो मोक्षमेष्यति च क्रमात् ।
इत्युक्त्वा देवराजेन प्रेषितोऽहं तदन्तिके ॥ ४७ ॥

tena saṃsāraduḥkhārto mokṣameṣyati ca kramāt ,
ityuktvā devarājena preṣito'haṃ tadantike 47

47. tena saṃsāraduḥkhārtaḥ mokṣam eṣyati ca kramāt
iti uktvā devarājena preṣitaḥ aham tadantike

47. Through that instruction, he (the king), afflicted by the suffering of worldly existence (saṃsāra), will gradually attain final liberation (mokṣa). Having said this, I was sent by the king of the gods (Indra) to his (Vālmīki's) presence.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - through that (instruction) (by that, by him)

• संसारदुःखार्तः (saṁsāraduḥkhārtaḥ) - the king, afflicted by the suffering of saṃsāra (afflicted by the suffering of worldly existence)

• मोक्षम् (mokṣam) - final liberation (mokṣa) (liberation, freedom)

• एष्यति (eṣyati) - will attain (liberation) (will go, will attain, will come)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• क्रमात् (kramāt) - gradually (gradually, in succession, by degrees)

• इति (iti) - having said thus (thus, in this manner, 'quote')

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said (this) (having said, having spoken)

• देवराजेन (devarājena) - by the king of the gods (Indra) (by the king of gods)

• प्रेषितः (preṣitaḥ) - (I) was sent (sent, dispatched)

• अहम् (aham) - I (the messenger) (I)

• तदन्तिके (tadantike) - near Vālmīki (near him, in his presence)

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - through that (instruction) (by that, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

संसारदुःखार्तः (saṁsāraduḥkhārtaḥ) - the king, afflicted by the suffering of saṃsāra (afflicted by the suffering of worldly existence)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃsāraduḥkhārta

saṁsāraduḥkhārta - afflicted by worldly suffering

Compound: 'saṃsāra' (worldly existence) + 'duḥkha' (suffering) + 'ārta' (afflicted). Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (saṃsāra+duḥkha+ārta)

• saṃsāra – worldly existence, cycle of birth and death (saṃsāra)
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• duḥkha – suffering, pain, misery
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, tormented
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'ṛ' (to go, move) with prefix 'ā'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the king (implied subject).

मोक्षम् (mokṣam) - final liberation (mokṣa) (liberation, freedom)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, emancipation, release, freedom (mokṣa)

Derived from root 'muc' (to free).

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Direct object of 'eṣyati'.

एष्यति (eṣyati) - will attain (liberation) (will go, will attain, will come)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of i

Future tense of root 'i'.

Root: i (class 2)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

क्रमात् (kramāt) - gradually (gradually, in succession, by degrees)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of krama

krama - order, succession, step, method

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially.

इति (iti) - having said thus (thus, in this manner, 'quote')

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said (this) (having said, having spoken)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root 'vac' (to speak) with suffix 'ktvā'.

Root: vac (class 2)

देवराजेन (devarājena) - by the king of the gods (Indra) (by the king of gods)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of devarāja

devarāja - king of gods, Indra

Compound 'deva' (god) + 'rājan' (king).

Compound type : tatpurusha (deva+rājan)

• deva – god, divine being
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'preṣitaḥ'.

प्रेषितः (preṣitaḥ) - (I) was sent (sent, dispatched)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of preṣita

preṣita - sent, dispatched, hurled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'iṣ' (to send) with prefix 'pra' and suffix '-ta'.

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Refers to 'aham'.

अहम् (aham) - I (the messenger) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Subject.

तदन्तिके (tadantike) - near Vālmīki (near him, in his presence)

(indeclinable)

Compound 'tad' (that/him) + 'antika' (nearness), with locative ending.

Compound type : tatpurusha (tad+antika)

• tad – that, he, she, it
  pronoun (neuter)
• antika – nearness, proximity
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used adverbially. Refers to Vālmīki.