योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-8

केवलात्कर्मणो ज्ञानान्नहि मोक्षोऽभिजायते ।
किंतूभाभ्यां भवेन्मोक्षः साधनं तूभयं विदुः ॥ ८ ॥

kevalātkarmaṇo jñānānnahi mokṣo'bhijāyate ,
kiṃtūbhābhyāṃ bhavenmokṣaḥ sādhanaṃ tūbhayaṃ viduḥ 8

8. kevalāt karmaṇaḥ jñānāt na hi mokṣaḥ abhijāyate kim
tu ubhābhyām bhavet mokṣaḥ sādhanam tu ubhayam viduḥ

8. Final liberation (mokṣa) is not attained from action (karma) alone, nor from knowledge alone. Rather, final liberation (mokṣa) comes about through both; indeed, discerning individuals consider both to be the means.

Words meanings summery:

• केवलात् (kevalāt) - from action alone (from alone, from merely)

• कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - from action (karma) alone (from action)

• ज्ञानात् (jñānāt) - from knowledge alone (from knowledge)

• न (na) - not

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• मोक्षः (mokṣaḥ) - final liberation (mokṣa) (liberation)

• अभिजायते (abhijāyate) - is attained (arises, is born, is produced, is attained)

• किम् (kim) - but, however, on the other hand

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• उभाभ्याम् (ubhābhyām) - from both knowledge and action (karma) (from both, by both)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - comes about, happens (may be, should be, would be, comes about)

• मोक्षः (mokṣaḥ) - final liberation (mokṣa) (liberation)

• साधनम् (sādhanam) - the means to attain liberation (means, instrument)

• तु (tu) - indeed, but

• उभयम् (ubhayam) - both knowledge and action (karma) (both)

• विदुः (viduḥ) - discerning individuals know (they know, they understand)

Words meanings and morphology

केवलात् (kevalāt) - from action alone (from alone, from merely)

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kevala

kevala - alone, sole, mere, whole, pure

Note: Qualifies karmaṇaḥ and jñānāt, showing the source.

कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - from action (karma) alone (from action)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual

from √kṛ 'to do, to make'

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: From stem karman.

ज्ञानात् (jñānāt) - from knowledge alone (from knowledge)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, wisdom, intelligence

from √jñā 'to know'

Root: jñā (class 9)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb abhijāyate.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

मोक्षः (mokṣaḥ) - final liberation (mokṣa) (liberation)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, emancipation, release, salvation

from √muc 'to release'

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Subject of abhijāyate.

अभिजायते (abhijāyate) - is attained (arises, is born, is produced, is attained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of abhijan

Present tense, Middle voice

from prefix abhi- + √jan 'to be born'

Prefix: abhi

Root: jan (class 4)

किम् (kim) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic or adversative particle.

उभाभ्याम् (ubhābhyām) - from both knowledge and action (karma) (from both, by both)

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, dual of ubhaya

ubhaya - both

Note: Indicates source (ablative) here.

भवेत् (bhavet) - comes about, happens (may be, should be, would be, comes about)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative mood

from √bhū 'to be'

Root: bhū (class 1)

मोक्षः (mokṣaḥ) - final liberation (mokṣa) (liberation)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, emancipation, release, salvation

from √muc 'to release'

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Subject of bhavet.

साधनम् (sādhanam) - the means to attain liberation (means, instrument)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sādhana

sādhana - means, instrument, method, accomplishment

from √sādh 'to accomplish'

Root: sādh (class 10)

Note: Predicate nominative.

तु (tu) - indeed, but

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

उभयम् (ubhayam) - both knowledge and action (karma) (both)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ubhaya

ubhaya - both

Note: Subject of viduḥ (implied).

विदुः (viduḥ) - discerning individuals know (they know, they understand)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of vid

Perfect tense

from √vid 'to know'

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Implied subject 'the wise' or 'people'.